Scientists' warning on endangered food webs

IF 2.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Web Ecology Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI:10.5194/we-20-1-2020
R. Heleno, W. Ripple, A. Traveset
{"title":"Scientists' warning on endangered food webs","authors":"R. Heleno, W. Ripple, A. Traveset","doi":"10.5194/we-20-1-2020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. All organisms are ultimately dependent on a large diversity of consumptive\nand non-consumptive interactions established with other organisms, forming\nan intricate web of interdependencies. In 1992, when 1700 concerned\nscientists issued the first “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity”, our\nunderstanding of such interaction networks was still in its infancy. By\nsimultaneously considering the species (nodes) and the links that glue them\ntogether into functional communities, the study of modern food webs – or\nmore generally ecological networks – has brought us closer to a predictive\ncommunity ecology. Scientists have now observed, manipulated, and modelled\nthe assembly and the collapse of food webs under various global change\nstressors and identified common patterns. Most stressors, such as increasing\ntemperature, biological invasions, biodiversity loss, habitat fragmentation,\nover-exploitation, have been shown to simplify food webs by\nconcentrating energy flow along fewer pathways, threatening long-term\ncommunity persistence. More worryingly, it has been shown that communities\ncan abruptly change from highly diverse to simplified stable states with\nlittle or no warning. Altogether, evidence shows that apart from the\nchallenge of tackling climate change and hampering the extinction of\nthreatened species, we need urgent action to tackle large-scale biological\nchange and specifically to protect food webs, as we are under the risk of pushing\nentire ecosystems outside their safe zones. At the same time, we need to\ngain a better understanding of the global-scale synergies and trade-offs\nbetween climate change and biological change. Here we highlight the most\npressing challenges for the conservation of natural food webs and recent\nadvances that might help us addressing such challenges.","PeriodicalId":54320,"journal":{"name":"Web Ecology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"28","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Web Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5194/we-20-1-2020","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28

Abstract

Abstract. All organisms are ultimately dependent on a large diversity of consumptive and non-consumptive interactions established with other organisms, forming an intricate web of interdependencies. In 1992, when 1700 concerned scientists issued the first “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity”, our understanding of such interaction networks was still in its infancy. By simultaneously considering the species (nodes) and the links that glue them together into functional communities, the study of modern food webs – or more generally ecological networks – has brought us closer to a predictive community ecology. Scientists have now observed, manipulated, and modelled the assembly and the collapse of food webs under various global change stressors and identified common patterns. Most stressors, such as increasing temperature, biological invasions, biodiversity loss, habitat fragmentation, over-exploitation, have been shown to simplify food webs by concentrating energy flow along fewer pathways, threatening long-term community persistence. More worryingly, it has been shown that communities can abruptly change from highly diverse to simplified stable states with little or no warning. Altogether, evidence shows that apart from the challenge of tackling climate change and hampering the extinction of threatened species, we need urgent action to tackle large-scale biological change and specifically to protect food webs, as we are under the risk of pushing entire ecosystems outside their safe zones. At the same time, we need to gain a better understanding of the global-scale synergies and trade-offs between climate change and biological change. Here we highlight the most pressing challenges for the conservation of natural food webs and recent advances that might help us addressing such challenges.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
科学家对濒危食物网发出警告
摘要所有生物最终都依赖于与其他生物建立的大量多样的消耗性和非消耗性相互作用,形成了一个复杂的相互依赖网络。1992年,1700年有关科学家发布了第一份“世界科学家对人类的警告”,当时我们对这种互动网络的理解还处于起步阶段。通过同时考虑物种(节点)和将它们粘合成功能群落的联系,对现代食物网——或者更普遍的生态网络——的研究使我们更接近可预测的群落生态学。科学家们现在已经观察、操纵和模拟了在各种全球变化压力下食物网的聚集和崩溃,并确定了共同的模式。大多数压力源,如温度升高、生物入侵、生物多样性丧失、栖息地破碎化、过度开发,已被证明通过将能量流集中在更少的途径来简化食物网,威胁到群落的长期持久性。更令人担忧的是,研究表明,群落可以在很少或没有警告的情况下,从高度多样化突然转变为简化的稳定状态。总之,有证据表明,除了应对气候变化和阻止受威胁物种灭绝的挑战外,我们还需要采取紧急行动,应对大规模的生物变化,特别是保护食物网,因为我们正面临着将整个生态系统推向安全区之外的风险。与此同时,我们需要更好地理解全球范围内气候变化和生物变化之间的协同效应和权衡。在这里,我们强调了自然食物网保护面临的最紧迫的挑战,以及可能帮助我们解决这些挑战的最新进展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Web Ecology
Web Ecology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: Web Ecology (WE) is an open-access journal issued by the European Ecological Federation (EEF) representing the ecological societies within Europe and associated members. Its special value is to serve as a publication forum for national ecological societies that do not maintain their own society journal. Web Ecology publishes papers from all fields of ecology without any geographic restriction. It is a forum to communicate results of experimental, theoretical, and descriptive studies of general interest to an international audience. Original contributions, short communications, and reviews on ecological research on all kinds of organisms and ecosystems are welcome as well as papers that express emerging ideas and concepts with a sound scientific background.
期刊最新文献
Towards spatial predictions of disease transmission risk: classical scrapie spill-over from domestic small ruminants to wild cervids Urban roadkill assessment in Vienna reveals low incidence rates Short communication: Problems of classifying predator-induced prey immobility – an unexpected case of post-contact freezing Disturbance can slow down litter decomposition, depending on severity of disturbance and season: an example from Mount Kilimanjaro Bird color and taxonomic diversity are negatively related to human disturbance in urban parks
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1