Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in source water, finished water, and tap water from drinking water treatment plants and its human risk assessment in Chengdu Plain, China

Y. Jian, Xia Yunting, Tian Xianghong, Zhang Rong, Bian Zhanqiang
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Abstract

Abstract A study to monitor endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) [including pesticides, phthalate acid esters (PAEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)] in drinking water treatment plants from water source to consumers tap in Chengdu Plain was undertaken. A total of 37 source water, 37 finished water, and 37 tap water samples were collected during the period from July to August in 2021. Based on the survey results, a human health noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risk assessment was conducted for adults and children. The results showed that the pesticides: atrazine, acetochlor, alachlor, heptachlor, and chlorpyrifos were detected in source, finished, and tap water, the detection rate of heptachlor was the highest in source (29.73%), finished (21.62%), and tap water (29.73%). Hexachlorobenzene and chlorothalonium were not detected in source, finished, and tap water. The concentrations of total PAEs ranged from not detected (nd)—1788.79 ng/L (median = 470.23 ng/L), nd to 3755.13 ng/L (median = 423 ng/L), and nd to 4095.89 ng/L (median = 585.12 ng/L) for source, finished, and tap water, respectively. The ΣPCBs were from nd to 239.65 ng/L (median = 91.03 ng/L), nd to 50.4 ng/L (median = 18.04 ng/L), and nd to 157.96 ng/L (median = 58.13 ng/L) for source, finished, and tap water, respectively. The hazard quotient (HQ) of EDCs in tap water of Chengdu Plain was lower than 1 and the highest value was 1.60E-02, which suggests that EDCs are considered unlikely to pose noncarcinogenic effects to individuals. Carcinogenic risk caused by EDCs for adults (both in median and highest concentration) was much lower than the 1.0E-04 cancer risk level, while the highest risk caused by EDCs for children through tap water was 9.48E-05.
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成都平原饮用水处理厂源水、成品水和自来水中的内分泌干扰物(EDCs)及其对人体的风险评价
摘要对成都平原自来水厂从水源地到消费者自来水口的内分泌干扰物(EDCs)(包括农药、邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)和多氯联苯(PCBs))进行了监测研究。在2021年7月至8月期间,共采集了37份水源水、37份成品水和37份自来水样本。根据调查结果,对成人和儿童进行了人类健康非致癌性和致癌性风险评估。结果表明:源、成品和自来水中检出莠去津、乙草胺、甲草胺、七氯胺和毒死蜱,其中源、成品和自来水中七氯胺的检出率最高,分别为29.73%、21.62%和29.73%;源、成品和自来水中未检出六氯苯和氯thalonium。源、成品和自来水的总PAEs浓度范围分别为未检出(nd) -1788.79 ng/L(中位数= 470.23 ng/L)、3755.13 ng/L(中位数= 423 ng/L)和4095.89 ng/L(中位数= 585.12 ng/L)。来源水、成品水和自来水的ΣPCBs分别为nd ~ 239.65 ng/L(中位数为91.03 ng/L)、nd ~ 50.4 ng/L(中位数为18.04 ng/L)和nd ~ 157.96 ng/L(中位数为58.13 ng/L)。成都平原自来水中EDCs的危害商数(HQ)均小于1,最高值为1.60E-02,认为EDCs不太可能对个体产生非致癌作用。EDCs对成人(中位浓度和最高浓度)的致癌风险均远低于1.0E-04的致癌风险水平,而自来水对儿童EDCs的致癌风险最高为9.48E-05。
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