Marrow Stromal Stem Cells for Repairing the Skeleton

H. Petite, D. Hannouche
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

A wound is a disruption of tissue integrity that is typically associated with a loss of substance. Its occurrence initiates a dynamic process of healing which aims at re-establishing tissue continuity. However, the degree of morphological and functional recovery that ensues will depend on the species, the organs and the amount of substance lost. For example, a bone fracture will heal through the formation of a soft callus that will gradually convert into a hard callus by endochondral ossification. Under favourable conditions, it will be remodelled and lead to a virtually complete restoration of the anatomical structure of the damaged bone. However, when a bone defect has reached a critical size, it heals through the formation of a non-functional scar tissue (Hollinger and Kleinschmidt, 1990). A key factor in the outcome of the healing process is the supply of a sufficient number of osteocompetent cells within the defect. The notion that bone marrow is a potential source of osteocompetent cells is not new. As early as 1968, Friedenstein established that when bone marrow is plated at low cell densities, it gives rise to pluripotent fibroblastic colonies clonal in origin which, upon appropriate culture conditions, differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes, and myelosupportive phenotypes (Friedenstein etal., 1968). The cells, from which colonies originated, are fibroblastic in appearance and were initially termed colony-forming units-fibroblastic (CFU-F). Now, they are more often referred
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骨髓基质干细胞修复骨骼
伤口是组织完整性的破坏,通常与物质的流失有关。它的发生启动了一个旨在重建组织连续性的动态愈合过程。然而,形态学和功能恢复的程度将取决于物种、器官和物质损失的数量。例如,骨折将通过形成软骨痂愈合,软骨痂将通过软骨内成骨逐渐转化为硬骨痂。在有利的条件下,它将被重塑,并导致几乎完全恢复受损骨骼的解剖结构。然而,当骨缺损达到临界尺寸时,它会通过形成无功能疤痕组织来愈合(Hollinger和Kleinschmidt, 1990)。愈合过程结果的一个关键因素是在缺损内提供足够数量的骨能细胞。骨髓是骨能细胞的潜在来源这一观点并不新鲜。早在1968年,Friedenstein就证实,当骨髓在低细胞密度下接种时,可产生多能性成纤维细胞菌落,在适当的培养条件下,可分化为成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞和骨髓支持表型(Friedenstein等)。, 1968)。菌落形成的细胞外观为成纤维细胞,最初被称为成纤维细胞(CFU-F)。现在,它们更常被提及
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