La custodia de los califas durante el Califato omeya y el principio del Califato ‘abbāsí

IF 0.4 4区 哲学 Q1 HISTORY AL-QANTARA Pub Date : 2015-12-30 DOI:10.3989/ALQANTARA.2015.009
Yaara Perlman
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Abstract

During early Islam, the ḥaras was a government unit that was responsible for the personal security of the caliph. Since the reign of the first Umayyad Caliph, Mu‘āwiya b. Abī Sufyān, the ḥaras , headed by a ḥaras chief, protected all caliphs. This paper will attempt to describe the functions of the ḥaras during the Umayyad and the early Abbasid caliphates by delineating the characteristics of the ḥaras chiefs under the different caliphs. As with other institutions during early Islam, accounts that refer to the ḥaras offer information about the men who headed it rather than about the institution itself, making it necessary to employ the method of prosopography in order to arrive at an adequate description of the institution. The majority of the ḥaras chiefs appear to have been mawālī , often entrusted with administrative offices in addition to heading the ḥaras . It seems that the ḥaras chiefs were responsible not only for protecting the caliphs, but also for carrying out executions. The establishment of the ḥaras , the qualifications of the ḥaras chiefs and the weapons used by members of this body are also discussed. This significant institution has not yet received due attention in the literature. I hope to provide a useful outline and to open up a space for further research.
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造的监护权哈里发期间海尔和哈里发’的原则,abbā是的
在早期的伊斯兰教中,ḥaras是一个负责哈里发个人安全的政府单位。自从第一位倭马亚哈里发Mu ' āwiya b. ab' Sufyān统治以来,ḥaras由一位ḥaras酋长领导,保护所有的哈里发。本文将通过描述不同哈里发下ḥaras酋长的特征,试图描述ḥaras在倭马亚和早期阿拔斯哈里发时期的功能。与早期伊斯兰教的其他机构一样,ḥaras提供的信息是关于领导该机构的人,而不是关于该机构本身,这使得有必要采用体貌学的方法,以便对该机构进行充分的描述。大多数ḥaras负责人似乎都是mawālī,除了领导ḥaras之外,他们还经常被委托管理办公室。看起来ḥaras酋长们不仅要保护哈里发,还要执行处决。文中还讨论了ḥaras的设立、ḥaras首领的资格以及该机构成员使用的武器。这一重要机构在文献中尚未得到应有的重视。我希望提供一个有用的大纲,并为进一步的研究开辟一个空间。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
AL-QANTARA
AL-QANTARA Multiple-
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
48 weeks
期刊介绍: Al-Qanṭara inició su publicación en 1980, como continuación de Al-Andalus (1933-1978). Al-Qanṭara está dedicada a la civilización del Islam clásico (hasta el siglo XVII incluido) con especial atención al Occidente islámico. Se publica en forma de dos fascículos anuales de unas 250 páginas cada uno. Una sección monográfica aparece en el segundo fascículo de cada año. La revista sólo solicita contribuciones para las secciones monográficas.
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