Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Suicidality: What Does the Literature Tell Us?

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction Limited research has been conducted on suicidality among individuals with FASD. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand (1) how suicidality has been measured; (2) what proportion of individuals experience suicidality across the lifespan; and (3) what contextual factors are associated with suicidality. Method We conducted a scoping review of the literature on FASD and suicidality. Twenty-eight articles and gray literature sources were included. Results We identified an elevated risk of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death among individuals with FASD. Most studies were Canadian, published within the last 10 years, and focused on adolescents and adults in clinical settings. Only six studies were specifically designed to examine suicidality in FASD. Conclusion This review provides a foundational understanding of suicidality in FASD with important implications for research, policy, and practice. Rates of suicidality across the lifespan are high, underscoring the need for evidence-based approaches to screening, prevention, and treatment.