A trap-and-haul fishway for upstream transfers of migrating fish at a challenging dam site

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2019.1669080
J. Harris, D. T. Roberts, S. O’Brien, B. Mefford, Kris S. Pitman
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Abstract Australia’s first trap-and-haul fishway was built to overcome site-related and biological challenges of providing upstream fish transfer at a 62 m dam. Challenges included multiple barriers, major flow alterations, infrequent spillway flows, a reservoir distant from tailwater, differing migration strategies and the presence of undesirable fish species. Planning assessments concluded upstream fish transfer would create environmental and fisheries benefits, but providing for downstream passage, other than protecting fish emigrating during spillway flows, was not justified. The trap-and-haul fishway collected upstream-migrating fish for transfer to multiple release sites. It provided flexibility to accommodate diverse species, sizes, abundance and behaviour while operating at flows ≤1:20 Annual Exceedance Probability. The fishway facilitated operational monitoring and removal of invasive and non-indigenous species, with features to limit predation. A barrier weir guided fish and minimized bypassing in spilling flows. Over four years’ operation approximately 43,700 fish, representing all the river’s 23 large and small-bodied migrating species, were transferred. Fish belonging to three unwanted species were removed. Stable, restricted flow releases through the fishway inhibited attraction, causing fish aggregations and reduced performance. Opportunities for improvement are recommended. The system’s design, operations and results have shown potential value for application at comparable sites elsewhere.
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在一个具有挑战性的坝址上,为洄游鱼类的上游转移提供了一个陷阱和拖网鱼道
澳大利亚的第一条捕渔通道是为了克服62米大坝上游鱼类转移的场地相关和生物挑战而建造的。挑战包括多种屏障,主要流量变化,不常见的溢洪道流量,远离尾水的水库,不同的迁移策略以及不受欢迎的鱼类的存在。规划评估的结论是,上游的鱼类转移将创造环境和渔业利益,但除了在溢洪道流动期间保护鱼类洄游外,提供下游通道是不合理的。捕集鱼道收集了上游洄游的鱼类,并将它们转移到多个放生地点。它提供了灵活性,以适应不同的物种、大小、丰度和行为,同时在流量≤1:20的年超越概率下运行。鱼道有助于操作监测和清除入侵和非本地物种,其特点是限制捕食。屏障堰引导鱼类,并尽量减少溢出流的绕过。在四年的行动中,约有43,700条鱼被转移,代表了河中所有23种大型和小型迁徙物种。三种不需要的鱼类被移除了。通过鱼道的稳定、受限的水流释放抑制了吸引力,导致鱼类聚集,降低了性能。建议改进的机会。该系统的设计、操作和结果显示了在其他类似地点应用的潜在价值。
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