Evaluation of Pregnancy Outcomes in Iranian Women with Uterine Myomas

Abstract

Background: To investigate the impacts of myomas on the outcomes of pregnancy in Iranian pregnant women with uterine fibroids. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the consequences of myomas on pregnancy were investigated in Iranian pregnant women referred to the perinatology clinic of Mahdieh Hospital (Tehran, Iran). One-hundred and sixty pregnant women diagnosed with uterine myoma were enrolled in the study as the case group. The control group consisted of 160 pregnant women without fibroma. The characteristics of the myomas and their relationships with pregnancy outcomes were surveyed. Results: Non-cephalic presentation, preterm labor, and Cesarean delivery were significantly higher in the case group in comparison with the control group. 106 patients (66.7%) had myomas larger than 5 cm in diameter. Intramural fibroids were seen in 132 (83%) patients. In addition, 133 (83.6%) patients had myomas in the body (corpus) of the uterus. Considering the number of myomas, 124 (78%) patients revealed one myoma in uterus. Uterine myomas during pregnancy rendered an important risk factor for cesarean delivery, breech presentation, and preterm delivery. However, there were no significant correlations between uterine myomas and IUGR, premature membranes rupture, either abortion or bleeding in the first trimester, low birth weight, and severe postpartum bleeding. Conclusion: Our results showed that the presence of myoma could modulate pregnancy outcomes. Our results can be useful in improving the quality of prenatal care and education.