Cigarette Smoking: A Cardiovascular risk; Assessment and Intervention: Literature Review

Naglaa A. Hussein, M. Bartels
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Abstract

Even though we don’t know exactly which smokers will develop CVD from smoking, the best thing all smokers can do for their hearts is to quit. Smokers who quit start to improve their heart health and reduce their risk for CVD immediately. Within a year, the risk of heart attack drops dramatically, and even people who have already had a heart attack can cut their risk of having another if they quit smoking. Within five years of quitting, smokers lower their risk of stroke to about that of a person who has never smoked. However, studies have reported that smoking increases the risk of CVD beyond the effects of smoking on other risk factors. In other words, the risk attributable to smoking persisted even when adjustments were made for differences between persons who smoke and nonsmokers in levels of these other risk factors.
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吸烟:心血管疾病风险;评估与干预:文献综述
尽管我们不知道哪些吸烟者会因吸烟而患上心血管疾病,但所有吸烟者能为他们的心脏做的最好的事情就是戒烟。戒烟者开始改善他们的心脏健康,并立即降低患心血管疾病的风险。在一年内,心脏病发作的风险急剧下降,即使是已经有心脏病发作的人,如果戒烟,也可以降低再次发作的风险。戒烟五年内,吸烟者患中风的风险降低到与从不吸烟的人相当。然而,研究报告表明,吸烟增加心血管疾病的风险超出了吸烟对其他危险因素的影响。换句话说,即使对吸烟者和非吸烟者在这些其他风险因素水平上的差异进行了调整,吸烟造成的风险仍然存在。
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