Organization of dialogue interaction of adults and children in the developmental environment of early groups

Abstract

The article considers the problem of organizing dialogic interaction of adults and children in the developmental environment of early age groups. The article presents the results of theoretical research on the concepts of "dialogue", "interaction", "dialogue interaction". It is determined, that in most scientific sources dialogue is considered as a form, method and means of social contacts, which is realized by the individual in the subject-subject interaction. Educational influences, focused on dialogic interaction, able to stimulate speech and interpersonal interaction between children, are just beginning to develop and do not have wide practical application. Based on the following ideas about dialogue, the development of dialogical interaction of adults and young children in the educational space of ZDO, it is necessary to focus on solving the following tasks: establishing emotional contact between participants in educational interaction; mastering verbal and nonverbal means of communication; ability to perform actions together with other participants in the educational process. The main models of dialogic interaction, their uniqueness and effectiveness are described, namely: interaction that encourages the child to active cognition (cognitive development occurs during interaction with objects, mastering texts, actions in a specially created space, and the core of such a system is active action ), reorientation of the child's behavior in interaction with an adult (involves natural and logical changes in unwanted behavior of the child, which strengthens the child's sense of self-worth and shapes his/her character; the following types: sandwich, steps, triplets, pattern), supportive interaction task: to help the child to form a positive image of themselves, to realize their value and uniqueness; the following types: emotional, resource, co-existence support). The importance of maintaining consistency in the organization of interaction is emphasized: from the usual way in the usual conditions to the new way in the new unusual space. The algorithm of the organization of dialogue interaction is defined: I look, what the child does now; I feel and analyze what he/she needs now, what he/she expects from me; I give him/her what he/she needs. Emphasis is placed on the importance of compliance with speech strains when interacting with children early, compliance with the rules of communication by all participants in the educational process. Possibilities of application of the offered models of dialogue interaction in modern conditions of reforming of education in Ukraine are defined