AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTOF THE KAVAK COAL PROCESSING BASIN

Abstract

The article examines the impact of coal mining on the environment in the Kavak coal basin. An impact on atmospheric air: priority and obligation to comply with norms of maximum permissible concentration (MPC), which are divided into average daily and maximum one-time, and maximum permissible emissions (MPE) of pollutants in the atmospheric air, and discussed possibilities of their reduction. An impact on soil: recommendations for determining the soil disturbance with taking into account the indicators of the entire process of breaking the integrity of rock masses, including aquifers and earth’s surface. Problems of recultivation, realized methods of restoring disturbed lands, namely, mainly forest reclamation, without applying a soil layer, are also described. An impact on vegetation: problems of reforestation and reasons for drying forests in underworked areas are described, for example, breaking the roots of growing trees, desiccation of soil layer with a sharp decrease at the level of groundwater, waterlogging in drainless subsidence troughs, as a result, physiological processes are disturbed, water displaces air from soil, root respiration is disturbed, which, as a result, leads to drying out of trees.