Integration of solar photovoltaic distributed generation in Nigerian power system network

Abstract

The installation of distributed generator (DG) is becoming increasingly attractive to utilities and consumers because distributed generation produces energy close to the load, are more efficient with reduced active losses and have less environmental impact. The paper proposed a validated two-step optimization novel technique with full Newton Raphson load flow. In the first step, the optimal size of DG is determined by partial derivative of exact loss formula with respect to active power injected by the DG. Whereas in the second step, the optimal location is found by loss sensitivity factor (LSF) aimed at reducing active power losses as well as improving the voltage profile of the network. Through a developed algorithm the sizing and location of the DG was validated. The test is carried out through Power System Software for Engineering (PSS/E) with the 28-bus 330kV Nigerian power network. The effectiveness yields 6.2% reduction in active power loss. Also, some of the vulnerable buses whose voltages were outside the statutory limit of 0.95 pu ≤ Vi ≤ 1.05pu: Ayede, Osogbo, New-haven, Onitsha, Gombe, Jos, Kaduna, Kano and Makurdi were improved.