Characteristics of humus content on different soil types of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne Region

Abstract

The dynamics of changes in the humus state of the soils of Zdolbuniv district during the V–XI rounds of agrochemical survey were analyzed. The state of biologization of agriculture, in particular the plowing of siderates, the introduction of straw and manure and the use of peat over the last 8 years in the studied area, is highlighted. Mandatory biologization of agriculture, taking into account the biological features of each crop, in particular, plant needs for nutrients, indicators of potential and effective soil fertility, its physical and chemical properties, assortment and chemistry of fertilizers, climatic conditions in a zonal section — comprehensive implementation of these measures will contribute to a significant increase soil fertility of the district’s agricultural lands, in particular improving its humus condition. Since an important reason for the lack of accumulation of humus reserves in the studied soils is the unsatisfactory state of biologicalization of agriculture in the area. Conclusions and suggestions on improving the humus condition of the soils of the studied area have been prepared. It is established that according to the results of agrochemical studies of agricultural lands of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne region for the XI round of agrochemical certification of agricultural lands, the weighted average humus content is 2.6% and corresponds to the average content. It was found that the studied soils of the district are characterized by very low and low (less than 2.1%) — 0.86 thousand hectares (10.0%), medium (from 2.1 to 3.0%) — 6.14 thousand hectare (71.7%), elevated (from 3.1 to 4.0%) — 1.5 thousand hectare (17.5%), high and very high (> 4%) — 0.06 thousand hectare (0.7%) humus content. In terms of the main types of soils, the highest humus content in meadow soils, meadow and chernozem soils, chernozem and meadow soils with content of 3.3% and on chernozems typical and chernozems strongly degraded of different degrees of erosion with an average humus content of 2.8%. It should be noted that the dynamics of humus content in the soils of Zdolbuniv district of Rivne region for the last 10 years of research shows the process of its stabilization and increase from 2.2% in 2007 to 2.6% in 2017. Comparing only the area of land plots, which were surveyed in three rounds — 2007, 2012 and 2017, the humus content is 2.5; 2.5 and 2.6%, respectively, which confirms the stabilization of the humus content over the past ten years of agrochemical research. An important reason for the lack of accumulation of humus reserves in the studied soils is the unsatisfactory state of biologization of agriculture in the area.