REDUCTION OF NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION AND REDUCTION OF EMISSIONS WITH COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN MUNICIPAL HEAT SUPPLY

Abstract

The technical solutions are proposed to reduce the consumption of natural gas, as well as to reduce emissions with combustion products in the municipal heat supply systems: - New constructions of water-tube and water-fire-tube boilers with improved technical, economic and environmental characteristics have been developed. Replacing of old boilers with these boilers within Ukraine will provide an economic effect of about 100 thousand tons of fuel equivalent per year. NOx reduction will be up to 35%; - The new temperature mode for heating networks 115/70 oС has been developed, which provides the amount of heat that is adequate to the needs of consumers, and is appropriate for use in cities of the country from an economic point of view. However, the implementation of such reduced temperature mode requires a corresponding change in the general requirements when issuing "Technical Specifications" for connection to district heating systems, necessitates changes in the temperature mode values in other documents, for example the general plan of the city, as well as the possible need to change the calculated heat loads in concluded contracts for heat supply to consumers.  Nevertheless, the correction of temperature modes of cities should be considered as one of the possible measures to improve the energy efficiency of heat supply systems; - The expediency of partial replacement of natural gas in the municipal heat supply systems of large cities of Ukraine with municipal solid waste (MSW) has been proved. The ways of improving the efficiency of mixed MSW combustion in conditions of country, including the extraction of "wet" biowaste from the total mass of mixed MSW with using a separate collection. are determined; - To achieve compliance with the new more stringent European environmental standards, the highly efficient devices for cleaning combustion products from particulate matter and sulfur oxides have been developed. The efficiency of dust removal in centrifugal filters is 90...98%, in cyclone dust collectors - 90...93%. Desulfurization efficiency is up to 50%.