The Leydig Cells of the Testis Originate from the Microvascular Pericytes

M. Davidoff
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

This review offers some clarifying thoughts about the nature and origin of the fetal and adult Leydig cells, supporting the conception that the pericytes (the periendothelial cells) and the smooth muscle cells of the microvasculature, that represent the main omnipresent adult stem cell population of the mammalian organism, are the Leydig cell ancestors. Our attention is specifically dedicated to the numerous contradictions as well as ambiguities concerning the hypotheses that the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), the neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) and the peritubular myoid stem cells (PMCs) represent the stem ancestors of the Leydig cells. In effect, it becomes evident that the only pluripotent stem cell-like cells in the vertebrate body, including the testis, are the pericytes. The pericytes are derivate of the embryonal epiblast and retain its pluripotency within the microvascular niches where they are disseminated during the embryo- and fetogenesis and are stored as a resting adult stem cell population for tissue generation, maintenance, repair and regeneration. The pluripotency of the epiblast and the pericytes themselves are responsible and explain the neural features of the Leydig cells. Thus, both NCSCs and PMCs are not the ancestors of the pericytes, respectively of the Leydig cells. Biomed Rev 2017; 28: 1-21. Keywords:  Leydig cells, origin, microvascular pericytes, smooth muscle cells, Leydig stem cells
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睾丸的间质细胞起源于微血管周细胞
本综述对胚胎和成体间质细胞的性质和起源提供了一些澄清性的想法,支持了周细胞(内皮细胞周围)和微血管平滑肌细胞的概念,它们代表了哺乳动物生物体中普遍存在的主要成体干细胞群体,是间质细胞的祖先。我们的注意力特别集中在关于间充质间质细胞(MSCs)、神经嵴干细胞(NCSCs)和小管周围肌样干细胞(PMCs)代表间质间质细胞的干细胞祖先的许多矛盾和模糊的假设上。实际上,很明显,脊椎动物(包括睾丸)体内唯一的多能干细胞样细胞是周细胞。周细胞是胚胎外胚层的衍生物,在微血管壁龛中保持其多能性,在胚胎和胎儿发生期间散布,并作为静止的成体干细胞群体储存,用于组织生成、维持、修复和再生。外胚层和周细胞本身的多能性负责并解释了间质细胞的神经特征。因此,NCSCs和pmc都不是周细胞的祖先,分别是间质细胞。Biomed Rev 2017;28: 21。关键词:间质细胞,起源,微血管周细胞,平滑肌细胞,间质干细胞
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