RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF FORMATION OF STRUCTURE OF COMPOSITE THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS ON THE BASIS OF LIQUID GLASS BTAINED WITH THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Improving the efficiency of energy use is one of the main tasks in the chemical industry not only in Ukraine but also around the world, which is due to the steady rise in energy prices. In this regard, an effective way to save energy is the thermal modernization of buildings, industrial equipment and communications with thermal insulation materials. It should be noted that the share of domestic materials in the Ukrainian market is not more than 30 %. Therefore, the creation of new types of insulation materials is a very important task. This material is a heat–insulating material based on liquid glass, created with the involvement of microwave radiation as an alternative to traditional convective thermal heating. The technology of production of heat–insulating materials on the basis of liquid glass by hot foaming involves obtaining the material in the form of granules, not plates, due to the difficulty of uniform heating of the inner layers of large samples. The problem of large–scale production of high–quality thermal insulation materials based on liquid glass in plate form is not solved due to poor heating of the inner layers of the plate due to the low thermal conductivity of the swollen outer layers. That is why the production of composite thermal insulation materials based on granular filler and liquid glass binder is proposed to be carried out under the action of microwave radiation. Thermal insulation properties of expanded materials are directly determined by their macrostructure. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine changes in the structure of the material from the type and amount of ingredients used in the liquid glass composition. On the basis of the conducted researches it is shown that the materials with use as a filler of zinc oxide and as a gas–forming agent of hydrogen peroxide have the most ordered structure. It is established that their use in the amount of 9–10 wt.h. provides a rate of gas evolution and growth of pore centers, which is comparable to the process of curing composition, which allows to obtain materials with a homogeneous, fine and closed–porous structure, which provides high insulating properties with a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.05–0.055 W / m · K, which meets the requirements for thermal insulation materials.
提高能源使用效率是化学工业的主要任务之一,不仅在乌克兰,而且在世界各地,这是由于能源价格的稳步上涨。对此,节能的有效途径是建筑、工业设备和通信的热力现代化使用保温材料。需要指出的是,国内材料在乌克兰市场的份额不超过30%。因此,创造新型保温材料是一项非常重要的任务。这种材料是一种基于液态玻璃的隔热材料,是在微波辐射的参与下创造的,作为传统对流热加热的替代品。在液态玻璃的基础上通过热发泡生产隔热材料的技术涉及到以颗粒的形式获得材料,而不是板,因为大样品的内层难以均匀加热。以平板形式的液态玻璃为基础的高质量保温材料的规模化生产问题,由于外层膨胀热导率低,导致板材内层受热率差,无法解决。因此,提出在微波辐射作用下进行基于颗粒填料和液态玻璃粘结剂的复合保温材料的生产。膨胀材料的保温性能直接决定于其宏观结构。因此,本研究的目的是从液体玻璃组成中所使用的成分的类型和数量来确定材料结构的变化。研究结果表明,作为氧化锌填料和过氧化氢成气剂的材料结构最有序。确定其用量为9-10 wth。提供了气体的演化速率和孔中心的生长速率,这与固化成分的过程相当,从而可以获得均匀、精细和封闭的多孔结构的材料,具有较高的保温性能,导热系数为0.05-0.055 W / m·K,满足了保温材料的要求。