Nanocomposite catalysts for transformation of biofuels into syngas and hydrogen: fundamentals of design and performance, application in structured reactors and catalytic membranes

Q1 Materials Science Catalysis Structure & Reactivity Pub Date : 2019-02-12 DOI:10.1039/9781788016971-00216

V. Sadykov, M. Arapova, E. Smal, S. Pavlova, L. Bobrova, N. Eremeev, N. Mezentseva, M. Simonov

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引用次数: 8

Abstract

In this review problems related to design and performance of stable and efficient catalysts of biogas/biofuels transformation into syngas and hydrogen based on nanocrystalline oxides with fluorite, perovskite and spinel oxides and their nanocomposites promoted by nanoparticles of Pt group metals and Ni-based alloys are considered. Tailor-made design of these catalysts is based upon elucidation of the relationships between their synthesis procedure, composition, real structure/microstructure, surface properties, oxygen mobility and reactivity determined in a great extent by the metal–support interaction, which requires application of modern sophisticated structural, spectroscopic, kinetic (including in situ FTIRS and isotope transients) methods and mathematical modeling. Thin layers of these optimized catalysts supported on structured heat-conducting substrates, asymmetric supported oxygen or hydrogen separation membranes demonstrated high and stable performance in transformation of biogas and biofuels into syngas and hydrogen.

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将生物燃料转化为合成气和氢气的纳米复合催化剂:设计和性能的基础，在结构反应器和催化膜中的应用

本文讨论了以萤石、钙钛矿和尖晶石氧化物为氧化物的纳米晶氧化物及其Pt族金属和ni基合金纳米复合材料为催化剂，设计和性能稳定、高效的沼气/生物燃料合成气和氢气转化催化剂的相关问题。这些催化剂的定制设计是基于阐明它们的合成过程、组成、实际结构/微观结构、表面性质、氧迁移率和反应性之间的关系，这在很大程度上取决于金属-载体相互作用，这需要应用现代复杂的结构、光谱、动力学(包括原位FTIRS和同位素瞬态)方法和数学建模。这些优化后的催化剂薄层负载在结构化导热衬底、不对称负载的氧或氢分离膜上，在将沼气和生物燃料转化为合成气和氢气方面表现出高而稳定的性能。

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