Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781839163128-00417
C. Feng, H. Su, J. Zeng
{"title":"Electrocatalysts","authors":"C. Feng, H. Su, J. Zeng","doi":"10.1039/9781839163128-00417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781839163128-00417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88784158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1142/9781786341259_0010
S. Ramakrishnan, R. T. A. Tirumala, Farshid Mohammadparast, Tong Mou, Tien Le, Bin Wang, M. Andiappan
{"title":"Plasmonic photocatalysis","authors":"S. Ramakrishnan, R. T. A. Tirumala, Farshid Mohammadparast, Tong Mou, Tien Le, Bin Wang, M. Andiappan","doi":"10.1142/9781786341259_0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786341259_0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79360491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00001
Fan-Xin Zeng, K. Hohn
Increasing interest in converting bio-renewable chemical into liquid fuel, polymers and pharmaceutical products has attract extensive attention both in academic and industrial research to replace petrochemicals with novel platform chemicals derived from bio-based feedstock. Chemistry involving C4 chemicals (molecules with four carbon atoms) has been studied to make a variety of products, including fuel additives and polymer building blocks. This chapter gives an overview of the catalytic synthesis of C4 products from bio-sustainable chemicals, including C4 diols, alkenes, ketones and alcohols, by reviewing the impact of catalyst composition on product selective and the speculated catalytic reaction mechanisms.
{"title":"Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-derived Compounds to C4 Chemicals","authors":"Fan-Xin Zeng, K. Hohn","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00001","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing interest in converting bio-renewable chemical into liquid fuel, polymers and pharmaceutical products has attract extensive attention both in academic and industrial research to replace petrochemicals with novel platform chemicals derived from bio-based feedstock. Chemistry involving C4 chemicals (molecules with four carbon atoms) has been studied to make a variety of products, including fuel additives and polymer building blocks. This chapter gives an overview of the catalytic synthesis of C4 products from bio-sustainable chemicals, including C4 diols, alkenes, ketones and alcohols, by reviewing the impact of catalyst composition on product selective and the speculated catalytic reaction mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85094717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00216
V. Sadykov, M. Arapova, E. Smal, S. Pavlova, L. Bobrova, N. Eremeev, N. Mezentseva, M. Simonov
In this review problems related to design and performance of stable and efficient catalysts of biogas/biofuels transformation into syngas and hydrogen based on nanocrystalline oxides with fluorite, perovskite and spinel oxides and their nanocomposites promoted by nanoparticles of Pt group metals and Ni-based alloys are considered. Tailor-made design of these catalysts is based upon elucidation of the relationships between their synthesis procedure, composition, real structure/microstructure, surface properties, oxygen mobility and reactivity determined in a great extent by the metal–support interaction, which requires application of modern sophisticated structural, spectroscopic, kinetic (including in situ FTIRS and isotope transients) methods and mathematical modeling. Thin layers of these optimized catalysts supported on structured heat-conducting substrates, asymmetric supported oxygen or hydrogen separation membranes demonstrated high and stable performance in transformation of biogas and biofuels into syngas and hydrogen.
{"title":"Nanocomposite catalysts for transformation of biofuels into syngas and hydrogen: fundamentals of design and performance, application in structured reactors and catalytic membranes","authors":"V. Sadykov, M. Arapova, E. Smal, S. Pavlova, L. Bobrova, N. Eremeev, N. Mezentseva, M. Simonov","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00216","url":null,"abstract":"In this review problems related to design and performance of stable and efficient catalysts of biogas/biofuels transformation into syngas and hydrogen based on nanocrystalline oxides with fluorite, perovskite and spinel oxides and their nanocomposites promoted by nanoparticles of Pt group metals and Ni-based alloys are considered. Tailor-made design of these catalysts is based upon elucidation of the relationships between their synthesis procedure, composition, real structure/microstructure, surface properties, oxygen mobility and reactivity determined in a great extent by the metal–support interaction, which requires application of modern sophisticated structural, spectroscopic, kinetic (including in situ FTIRS and isotope transients) methods and mathematical modeling. Thin layers of these optimized catalysts supported on structured heat-conducting substrates, asymmetric supported oxygen or hydrogen separation membranes demonstrated high and stable performance in transformation of biogas and biofuels into syngas and hydrogen.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84244493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00072
Nicolás A. Grosso‐Giordano, S. Zones, Alexander Katz
Opportunities for synthetically controlling the molecular architecture of catalytic active sites supported on amorphous silica versus zeolitic silicates are critically examined, and the role that support crystallinity could play on catalytic properties is assessed. We first summarize structural features of active sites on silicate supports and contrast the inherent disorder of amorphous silica surfaces to the order of crystalline zeotypes. We then analyze, within the context of selected catalytic systems currently employed in industrial practice, how these structures affect inner- and outer-sphere environments of isolated active sites, and how these environments could impact catalytic activity and the development of next generation catalysts.
{"title":"Opportunities for controlling catalysis by designing molecular environments around active sites: cations supported on amorphous versus crystalline zeolitic silicate supports","authors":"Nicolás A. Grosso‐Giordano, S. Zones, Alexander Katz","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00072","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunities for synthetically controlling the molecular architecture of catalytic active sites supported on amorphous silica versus zeolitic silicates are critically examined, and the role that support crystallinity could play on catalytic properties is assessed. We first summarize structural features of active sites on silicate supports and contrast the inherent disorder of amorphous silica surfaces to the order of crystalline zeotypes. We then analyze, within the context of selected catalytic systems currently employed in industrial practice, how these structures affect inner- and outer-sphere environments of isolated active sites, and how these environments could impact catalytic activity and the development of next generation catalysts.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75883344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00267
Matthew Drewery, G. Sánchez, M. Li, E. Kennedy, M. Stockenhuber
An increase in biodiesel production has seen a dramatic increase in the production of glycerol, the main by-product. To maintain biodiesel production as economically viable, processes for valorising the 10 wt% glycerol waste stream need to be developed. The content of this chapter discusses recent work which examines potential catalytic processes for producing value added chemicals using glycerol as a platform chemical. Significant research has focussed on catalytic reactions tailored to selectively convert oxygenates from biological resources to produce valuable chemicals. While homogenous and biological catalytic processes are important, heterogeneously catalysed reactions are considered to be more desirable and potentially more economically viable due to advantages in feedstock processing. The current transesterification process associated with biodiesel production results in a number of contaminants in the glycerol stream, such as free fatty acids and residual catalyst salts, which affects downstream processing. Special emphasis is given to understand how contaminants of various by-products interact with surfaces and identify robust catalysts while examining alternative catalytic processes for producing biodiesel with purer product streams.
{"title":"Understanding catalysis for processing glycerol and glycerol-based derivatives for the production of value added chemicals","authors":"Matthew Drewery, G. Sánchez, M. Li, E. Kennedy, M. Stockenhuber","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00267","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in biodiesel production has seen a dramatic increase in the production of glycerol, the main by-product. To maintain biodiesel production as economically viable, processes for valorising the 10 wt% glycerol waste stream need to be developed. The content of this chapter discusses recent work which examines potential catalytic processes for producing value added chemicals using glycerol as a platform chemical. Significant research has focussed on catalytic reactions tailored to selectively convert oxygenates from biological resources to produce valuable chemicals. While homogenous and biological catalytic processes are important, heterogeneously catalysed reactions are considered to be more desirable and potentially more economically viable due to advantages in feedstock processing. The current transesterification process associated with biodiesel production results in a number of contaminants in the glycerol stream, such as free fatty acids and residual catalyst salts, which affects downstream processing. Special emphasis is given to understand how contaminants of various by-products interact with surfaces and identify robust catalysts while examining alternative catalytic processes for producing biodiesel with purer product streams.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77392403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00198
J. Rodríguez, Feng Zhang, Z. Liu, S. Senanayake
Research focussed on in situ studies for the activation and conversion of methane on well-defined metal-oxide surfaces is reviewed. In recent years, experiments with single-crystal surfaces and well-ordered films have increased our understanding of the interaction of methane with solid surfaces. Late transition metals interact weakly with methane and elevated temperatures (>400 K) are necessary to enable a significant dissociation on the hydrocarbon. In contrast, an IrO2(110) surface dissociates methane at temperatures below 200 K. Cooperative interactions between O and Ir are responsible for the binding of methane and the breaking of a C–H bond. This type of cooperative interactions involving O and a metal cation have also been seen on Ni/CeO2(111) and Co/CeO2(111) surfaces which dissociate methane at room temperature. Experiments of AP-XPS and in situ TR-XRD have shown that the active phase of metal/oxide catalysts used for the dry-reforming of methane frequently is a dynamic entity which evolves when the reaction conditions change. The addition of water to a mixture of CH4/O2 shifts the selectivity towards methanol production on CeO2/CuOx/Cu(111) and Ni/CeO2(111) surfaces. Metal-support interactions and water site-blocking play a crucial role in the conversion of methane to methanol on these catalysts.
{"title":"Methane activation and conversion on well-defined metal-oxide Surfaces: in situ studies with synchrotron-based techniques","authors":"J. Rodríguez, Feng Zhang, Z. Liu, S. Senanayake","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00198","url":null,"abstract":"Research focussed on in situ studies for the activation and conversion of methane on well-defined metal-oxide surfaces is reviewed. In recent years, experiments with single-crystal surfaces and well-ordered films have increased our understanding of the interaction of methane with solid surfaces. Late transition metals interact weakly with methane and elevated temperatures (>400 K) are necessary to enable a significant dissociation on the hydrocarbon. In contrast, an IrO2(110) surface dissociates methane at temperatures below 200 K. Cooperative interactions between O and Ir are responsible for the binding of methane and the breaking of a C–H bond. This type of cooperative interactions involving O and a metal cation have also been seen on Ni/CeO2(111) and Co/CeO2(111) surfaces which dissociate methane at room temperature. Experiments of AP-XPS and in situ TR-XRD have shown that the active phase of metal/oxide catalysts used for the dry-reforming of methane frequently is a dynamic entity which evolves when the reaction conditions change. The addition of water to a mixture of CH4/O2 shifts the selectivity towards methanol production on CeO2/CuOx/Cu(111) and Ni/CeO2(111) surfaces. Metal-support interactions and water site-blocking play a crucial role in the conversion of methane to methanol on these catalysts.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78711812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-12DOI: 10.1039/9781788016971-00127
Su Cheun Oh, Mann Sakbodin, Dongxia Liu
Methane is an abundant fossil resource and the main constituent of natural gas and oil-associated gases. Innovation in methane conversion chemistry and technology is essential to provide value-added chemicals and fuels, which could be an alternative to petroleum. Direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC) has been studied to produce C2 (e.g., acetylene, ethylene, ethane) and aromatics (e.g., benzene and naphthalene), when combined are referred to as C2+ hydrocarbons. However, thermodynamic constraint in DNMC leads to low methane conversion, low C2+ yield, and rapid catalyst deactivation by coke. Membrane reactors comprised of active DNMC catalysts and hydrogen-permeable membranes have the potential to alleviate the thermodynamic barriers and increase methane conversion. This chapter summarizes the past research and ongoing development on DNMC reaction in membrane reactors. The catalysts, membrane materials, reactor configurations and performance for DNMC in membrane reactors are discussed. The challenges, strategies to mitigate reactor deterioration during DNMC, as well as future research and development directions to advance this technology for one-step conversion of methane to C2+ hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals are presented.
{"title":"Direct non-oxidative methane conversion in membrane reactor","authors":"Su Cheun Oh, Mann Sakbodin, Dongxia Liu","doi":"10.1039/9781788016971-00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016971-00127","url":null,"abstract":"Methane is an abundant fossil resource and the main constituent of natural gas and oil-associated gases. Innovation in methane conversion chemistry and technology is essential to provide value-added chemicals and fuels, which could be an alternative to petroleum. Direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC) has been studied to produce C2 (e.g., acetylene, ethylene, ethane) and aromatics (e.g., benzene and naphthalene), when combined are referred to as C2+ hydrocarbons. However, thermodynamic constraint in DNMC leads to low methane conversion, low C2+ yield, and rapid catalyst deactivation by coke. Membrane reactors comprised of active DNMC catalysts and hydrogen-permeable membranes have the potential to alleviate the thermodynamic barriers and increase methane conversion. This chapter summarizes the past research and ongoing development on DNMC reaction in membrane reactors. The catalysts, membrane materials, reactor configurations and performance for DNMC in membrane reactors are discussed. The challenges, strategies to mitigate reactor deterioration during DNMC, as well as future research and development directions to advance this technology for one-step conversion of methane to C2+ hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals are presented.","PeriodicalId":43717,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Structure & Reactivity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75100589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：