Identification of effective hydropeaking mitigation measures: are hydraulic habitat models sufficient in a global approach?

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2020.1856008
A. Barillier, L. Bêche, J. Malavoi, V. Gouraud
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Abstract Downstream of hydroelectric plants, hydropeaking can cause frequent flow variations, resulting in habitat modifications (e.g. hydraulics, reach morphology, temperature, water quality), which can impact organisms (stranding, dewatering, forced drift, growth disturbances) and ultimately may have negative and lasting impacts on biological communities, reducing resilience. Nevertheless, the severity of habitat disturbances vary depending on other existing pressures and local site conditions, which need to be taken into account to achieve effective hydropeaking mitigation. Preserving hydropower flexibility is also a priority to ensure the stability of electric systems without recourse to more polluting alternatives. Given these apparently opposing objectives, we propose a consensual technico-economic framework to guarantee the feasibility and effectiveness of site-specific hydropeaking mitigation, based on our experience as a hydropower operator and a literature review. While existing tools (such as habitat models) can be used to predict expected local effects of proposed mitigation and compare scenarios, predicting biological community responses is not currently possible (lack of in-situ evaluations of mitigation efficacy). These uncertainties and complex socio-ecosystems necessitate a forward-looking global approach that accounts for climate change, multi-purpose water use and electric system requirements, combined with site-specific analyses of the relative importance of hydropeaking impacts with respect to other pressures.
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确定有效的水力峰值缓解措施:在全球方法中,水力栖息地模型是否足够?
在水电站下游,水力调峰会引起频繁的流量变化,导致栖息地的改变(如水力学、河段形态、温度、水质),从而影响生物(搁浅、脱水、强迫漂移、生长干扰),最终可能对生物群落产生负面和持久的影响,降低恢复力。然而,生境干扰的严重程度因其他现有压力和当地场地条件而异,需要考虑到这些因素,才能有效地缓解水力峰值。保持水力发电的灵活性也是确保电力系统稳定而不求助于污染更大的替代能源的优先事项。鉴于这些明显相反的目标,我们根据水电运营商的经验和文献综述,提出了一个共识性的技术经济框架,以保证特定地点的水电峰值缓解的可行性和有效性。虽然现有工具(如栖息地模型)可用于预测拟议缓解措施的预期局部影响并比较各种情景,但目前无法预测生物群落的反应(缺乏对缓解效果的现场评价)。这些不确定性和复杂的社会生态系统需要一种前瞻性的全球方法,考虑到气候变化、多用途用水和电力系统要求,并结合具体地点对水力峰值影响相对于其他压力的相对重要性的分析。
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