Assessment of changes in the intestinal microbiome in the late debut of ulcerative colitis

Abstract

The aim of the study was to reveal the peculiarities of the intestinal microflora in patients with early and late debut of ulcerative colitis. Methods of research: theoretical – analysis of scientific-methodical and special literature; experimental methods – collection of samples and DNA isolation, determination of oligonucleotide primers, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), determination of microbiom composition; mathematical - the method of average values. Results : In the course of the study, it was determined that the number of Bacteroidetes in patients with late onset of UC development decreased in the Ukrainian population, and the level of Actinobacteria increased. Changes in the microbiota in patients with UC with different localization of the inflammatory process were analyzed. It is established that the composition of microbial types significantly differs not only depending on the age of onset of the disease, but also on the localization of the inflammatory process in the intestine. As the prevalence of UC increased, the level of Actinobacteria was highest in patients with left-sided bowel disease and late onset of UC. Whereas in patients with total intestinal lesion, both early and late development of the UC revealed a maximum decrease in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Conclusion : UC patients experience intestinal dysbiosis. The level of Actinobacteria is increased in patients with late onset of UC development, and the number of Bacteroidetes decreases. In patients with early and late onset of the disease, multidirectional changes in the intestinal microbiome were detected, the number of Akkermansia muciniphila increased and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased, which could lead to the development and progression of the disease. The ratio of Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes may be an additional marker for assessing the severity of intestinal dysbiosis in UC patients. At the same time, the prevalence of the pathological process in the intestine largely determines the therapeutic tactics and prognosis of patients with UC