Explaining the causes and effective interventions in academic failure from the perspective of conditional students in University of Medical Sciences: A qualitative study

Abstract

Introduction: Due to the lack of information about the causes of academic failure of university students, as well as the lack of knowledge of effective interventions to prevent and reduce this problem, this qualitative study aims to explain the causes and effective interventions in academic failure from the perspective of conditional students at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This research was a qualitative study using descriptive phenomenology approach. The study population was conditional students who were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews with people were conducted in-person and in-depth according to their wishes. The time of each interview was 45 to 60 minutes. The information obtained from the interview was analyzed using the 7-step method of Kleiser. To increase the trust and scientific credibility of the results, Lincoln and Goba methods were used. Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 6 classes as effective causes of academic failure, which included academic problems, physical and mental problems, looking to the future, financial problems, us ing technology, and family and social problems. Data analysis led to 4-story extraction as an effective intervention on academic failure, including academic intervention, reduction of physical and mental problems, family and social problems, and other interventions. Conclusion: It is useful to use interventions in the process of reducing academic dropout in students. Interventions such as proper nutrition, reducing the use of virtual space, the presence of a consultant and helping students in time management and planning, multi-stage evaluation according to the courses can be effective.