Morphological Features of the Synovial Membrane and Articular Cartilage in Rats under Simulated Adjuvant Arthritis and Application of Allogeneic Biomaterial

L. A. Musina, O. R. Shangin, B. R. Nazmutdinov, E. M. Gareev, E. P. Solov'eva, I. F. Musin
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Abstract

The aim of research was to study morphological features of the synovial membrane and articular cartilage of rats under simulated adjuvant arthritis and application of allogeneic biomaterial.Material and methods. To simulate rheumatoid arthritis, 12 white outbred female rats were injected 100 μl of complete Freund's adjuvant into the plantar surface of the hind paw. In 7 days, 5 mg of the allogeneic biomaterial “Regeneration stimulator” dissolved in physiological solution was injected into the periarticular bursae of the right knee joint and surrounding tissues in the rats of the main experimental group (n=6). Saline solution was injected into animals of the main control group (n=6). Intact rats (n=6) were included in the intact control group. All the animals were withdrawn from the experiment in 37 days after the onset of the experiment. The knee joints of rats were examined using standard histological, morphometric and statistical methods.Results. Animals of the main control group manifested signs of degenerative changes of varying degrees in the articular apparatus. Proliferation of the synovial cells and tissue hyperplasia were detected in the synovial membrane, these leading to the formation of pannus. There was disorganization of the connective tissue: they were thinned, the fibrous layer was separated, the cartilage and bone tissue were destructed. In animals of the experimental group, there were no signs of tissue hyperplasia and edema, pronounced pannus were not detected after the introduction of the allogeneic biomaterial in the synovial membrane. Mild signs of arthritis manifested as slightly increased processes of the synovial cell proliferation and moderate perivascular infiltration with cellular elements were detected in 2 rats. There were no changes in the structure of the cartilage and bone in the knee joint.Conclusion. Intraarticular injection of the allogeneic biomaterial "Regeneration Stimulator" in rats with simulated autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis is accompanied by a decreased external manifestations of a generalized inflammatory process in the knee joints, and by a decreased inflammation and degenerative changes in the articular apparatus at the tissue level. Notably, the structures of the synovial membrane, the articular cartilage of the knee joint and the underlying subchondral bone are preserved compared with animals of the control group.
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模拟佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜和关节软骨形态特征及异体生物材料的应用
研究模拟佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜和关节软骨的形态学特征及同种异体生物材料的应用。材料和方法。为了模拟类风湿关节炎,将12只白色近交系雌性大鼠后爪足底表面注射100 μl完全弗氏佐剂。第7天,主实验组大鼠(n=6)将溶解于生理溶液中的同种异体生物材料“再生刺激剂”5 mg注射于右膝关节关节周囊及周围组织。主对照组(n=6)注射生理盐水溶液。取6只完整大鼠作为完整对照组。所有动物在实验开始后37 d退出实验。采用标准的组织学、形态计量学和统计学方法对大鼠膝关节进行检查。主要对照组动物表现为关节器官不同程度的退行性改变。滑膜细胞增生,组织增生,形成滑膜。结缔组织组织解体:结缔组织变薄,纤维层分离,软骨和骨组织破坏。实验组动物在滑膜内引入同种异体生物材料后,未见组织增生和水肿,未见明显的滑膜挛缩。2只大鼠的轻度关节炎症状表现为滑膜细胞增殖过程轻微增加和中度血管周围浸润细胞因子。膝关节软骨和骨的结构未见明显改变。在模拟自身免疫性类风湿关节炎的大鼠关节内注射同种异体生物材料“再生刺激剂”,伴随着膝关节全身性炎症过程的外部表现减少,并且在组织水平上关节装置的炎症和退行性改变减少。值得注意的是,与对照组动物相比,滑膜结构、膝关节关节软骨和下面的软骨下骨得到了保存。
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