Technological breakthrough of the agrarian-and-food innovations in dairy case for example of universal agricultural raw materials. Nanofiltration

A. Khramtsov, V. N. Sergeev
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Abstract

Aim. Consideration nanofiltration as a process of membrane technology – directed and controlled filtration of whey through special semipermeable partitions (membrane filters) with a pore size of 1-5 nm, carried out at a pressure of 0.7-4.0 MPa with the release of particles with a molecular weight of 0.5-1.0 kDa. Discussion. Nanofiltration allows you to separate the whey as a system by the size of the components – microparticles and macromolecules. In this case, from pre – separated, processed by microfiltration and ultrafiltration of whey to nanoconcentrate (retentate) pass almost all the compounds of whey, and in nanofiltrate (permeate) - only monovalent ions of mineral salts and partially some organic acids. Nanofiltration, in the logistics of molecular sieve separation of whey, takes over from ultrafiltration and is a harbinger of reverse osmosis. The theoretical foundations of the nanofiltration process are developed at a fairly good level. The basic element of the process is the membranes. Based on the conducted research, we can recommend the nanofiltration process for industrial processing of salted whey into milk sugar (lactose) and for concentrating whey and its ultrafiltrates before electrodialysis or ion exchange desalination. Nanofiltration is already widely used in the production of high-quality lactose (milk sugar). Considerable interest nanofiltration cottage cheese (acid) whey with the purpose of concentration, demineralization and sensory nanoconcrete for the enrichment of ice cream. Conclusion. Nanofiltration can be quite reasonably used for processing, within the framework of the Technological Breakthrough, universal agricultural raw materials – for example, whey and its ultrafiltrates – for the purpose of concentration, directed demineralization, lowering the level of organic acids and controlling sensorics. The resulting nanoconcentrate (retentate) can be used to scale functional products.
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农业和食品创新的技术突破,以乳制品为例,通用农业原料。纳滤
的目标。纳滤是一种膜技术过程,通过孔径为1-5 nm的特殊半透隔板(膜过滤器),在0.7-4.0 MPa的压力下进行定向和控制过滤乳清,释放分子量为0.5-1.0 kDa的颗粒。讨论。纳滤允许您根据成分的大小(微粒和大分子)分离乳清作为一个系统。在这种情况下,从预分离的,经过微滤和超滤处理的乳清到纳米浓缩物(保留物)通过几乎所有的乳清化合物,而在纳米滤过物(渗透物)中只有一价离子的矿物盐和部分有机酸。在分子筛分离乳清的过程中,纳滤取代了超滤,是反渗透的先兆。纳滤工艺的理论基础已发展到相当好的水平。这个过程的基本元素是膜。根据所进行的研究,我们可以推荐纳滤工艺,用于将盐乳清加工成乳糖的工业加工,以及在电渗析或离子交换脱盐前浓缩乳清及其超滤液。纳滤技术已广泛应用于高品质乳糖的生产。相当感兴趣纳滤白干酪(酸)乳清的浓缩、脱矿和感官纳米混凝土对冰淇淋的富集。结论。在技术突破的框架内,纳滤可以相当合理地用于处理通用农业原料,例如乳清及其超滤液,用于浓缩、定向脱矿、降低有机酸水平和控制感官。所得的纳米浓缩物(保留物)可用于缩放功能产品。
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