The role of selenium and zinc in allergic hypersensitization in children

Halyna Pavlyshyn, Viktoriia Sliiva
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Abstract

The prevalence of allergy has increased rapidly over recent years, especially among pediatric patients and it is detected approximately in 2–3% of the world population. Worldwide, respiratory allergic diseases affect nearly 700 million subjects. The pathogenesis of allergy is still poorly understood and is a matter of worldwide concern. It is thought that it results from the interactions between genetic predisposition and excessive and inappropriate immune responses to a large spectrum of environmental risk factors. Recent clinical observations and epidemiological studies have identified associations between nutritional elements (e.g., zinc, and selenium) and allergy prevalence. It is suggested that micronutrients influence the immune system and may play a major role in the development of asthma and in the progression of other allergic diseases. This link is based on the hypothesized benefits of antioxidant functions of certain micronutrients, which may modulate the amount of oxidants in the body. As a result, decrease in oxidative stress may be an important factor in the etiology of childhood asthma. Our aim was to analyze the current literature and to assess whether trace elements level is a risk factor for allergic symptoms in childhood. In this review article, we aimed to describe the properties and biological importance and to define the possible relationship between atopic sensitization and serum levels of zinc and selenium in children. Biomed Rev 2019;30:49-61
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硒和锌在儿童过敏性超敏反应中的作用
近年来,过敏的患病率迅速增加,特别是在儿科患者中,大约占世界人口的2-3%。在世界范围内,呼吸道过敏性疾病影响了近7亿人。过敏的发病机制仍然知之甚少,是全世界关注的问题。据认为,这是遗传易感性与对大量环境危险因素的过度和不适当的免疫反应之间相互作用的结果。最近的临床观察和流行病学研究已经确定了营养元素(如锌和硒)与过敏患病率之间的关联。这表明微量营养素影响免疫系统,并可能在哮喘的发展和其他过敏性疾病的进展中发挥重要作用。这种联系是基于某些微量营养素的抗氧化功能的假设,它们可以调节体内氧化剂的数量。因此,氧化应激降低可能是儿童哮喘发病的一个重要因素。我们的目的是分析目前的文献,并评估微量元素水平是否是儿童过敏症状的危险因素。在这篇综述文章中,我们的目的是描述的性质和生物学重要性,并确定特应性致敏与儿童血清锌和硒水平之间可能的关系。生物医学学报,2019;30:49-61
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