Isoenzyme der malatdehydrogenase und ihre regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Irene Witt, Rainer Kronau, Helmut Holzer
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引用次数: 84

Abstract

  • 1.

    1. From Saccharomyces cerevisiae, incubated on a glucose-free medium with acetate as the only carbon source, two different malate dehydrogenases (l-malate: NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) have been isolated by DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. One of these enzymes was only found in the mitochondria and is called enzyme A or m-malate dehydrogenase; the other enzyme was found in the extramitochondrial c-space and is called enzyme B or c-malate dehydrogenase. At present it cannot be decided whether m-malate dehydrogenase also exists in the c-space or leaks when the mitochondria are injured.

  • 2.

    2. The reaction velocity plotted against the concentration of oxaloacetic acid showed a characteristic substrate inhibition in the case of m-malate dehydrogenase In contrast, c-malate dehydrogenase showed no substrate inhibition. This difference corresponds to the behaviour of m-malate dehydrogenase and c-malate dehydrogenase from liver.

  • 3.

    3. In yeast grown on glucose only m-malate dehydrogenase could be found, but after incubating the cells on acetate as the sole carbon source, both m-malate dehydrogenase and c-malate dehydrogenase were found. In reference to earlier experiments concerning the regulation of malate dehydrogenase activity in yeast, it is concluded that a repression of c-malate dehydrogenase synthesis by glucose occurs. This regulating mechanism is useful for the cell, because in the glycoxylate cycle c-malate dehydrogenase participates in the gluconeogenesis from acetate or ethanol. This enzyme is not necessary when glucose is in the medium.

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乙醚酶以及为糖衣套餐定制
1.1. 采用deae -纤维素离子交换色谱法,从酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)中分离出两种不同的苹果酸脱氢酶(l-苹果酸:NAD+氧化还原酶,EC 1.1.1.37)。其中一种酶只存在于线粒体中,被称为A酶或间苹果酸脱氢酶;另一种酶位于线粒体外的c空间,称为B酶或c-苹果酸脱氢酶。目前还不能确定间苹果酸脱氢酶是否也存在于c空间,或者在线粒体损伤时是否泄漏。草酰乙酸浓度对m-苹果酸脱氢酶的反应速度有明显的底物抑制作用,而c-苹果酸脱氢酶则无底物抑制作用。这种差异对应于肝脏中m-苹果酸脱氢酶和c-苹果酸脱氢酶的行为。在葡萄糖培养基上培养的酵母中,只发现间苹果酸脱氢酶,而在醋酸盐作为唯一碳源培养的酵母中,发现间苹果酸脱氢酶和c苹果酸脱氢酶。参考早期关于酵母中苹果酸脱氢酶活性调节的实验,得出葡萄糖抑制c-苹果酸脱氢酶合成的结论。这种调节机制对细胞是有用的,因为在糖酸循环中c-苹果酸脱氢酶参与乙酸或乙醇的糖异生。当培养基中有葡萄糖时,这种酶就不需要了。
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