The Potency of Antifertility Effect of Stem Bark Extract of Mangrove (Avicennia Marina) on Male White Rats (Rattus Novergicus)

Abstract

The issue of Indonesian population density is one of must be faced problems. Stem bark of mangrove Avicennia marina is one of many plants can be used as contraception. Recently reported, in many countries this Avicennia marina used as antifertility nevertheless there are no focus research of the topic proven. The object of this study is to determine the effect of stem bark extract of mangrove Avicennia marina on number, motility and viability of spermatozoa of male white rats and also to assess the effect of certain treatment group of some fractions compared to control CMC-Na. This study is experimentally designed in laboratorium. Stem bark of Avicennia marina was extracted by soxhlet extraction with methanol solvent, while animal testing were classified to 4 group (each group for 6 rats randomly). The subject were treated along 34 days everyday, the group 1: 1% CMC-Na as a control; Group 2: low dose methanol suspension extract of 1.25%; Group 3: medium dose methanol suspension extract of 2.5%; and Group 4: high dose methanol suspension extract of 5%.Motility test was conducted by putting a drop of sperm on improved neubauer counting chamber and observed by Olympus BX53F microscope (400x magnifying). Then the data analyzed by ANOVA (p value 95%) prior to post hoc test by Duncan (SPSS 20).Motility index of each group 5%, 2.5%, 1.25% and controlwere35%, 47%, 67% and 79% respectively. While, for viability index in group 5%, 2.5%,1.25% and control were 62%, 76%, 73% and 88% respectively.The treatment of stem bark extract of mangrove Avicennia marina in male white rats had significantly related to motility and viability index of male rats sperm (p <0.005). This results means that stem bark extract of mangrove Avicennia marina showed antifertility effect in male rats.