Infections in lung transplanted patients: A review

IF 10.4 2区 医学 Q1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Pulmonology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.04.010
M. Dettori , N. Riccardi , D. Canetti , R.M. Antonello , A.F. Piana , A. Palmieri , P. Castiglia , A.A. Azara , M.D. Masia , A. Porcu , G.C. Ginesu , M.L. Cossu , M. Conti , P. Pirina , A. Fois , I. Maida , G. Madeddu , S. Babudieri , L. Saderi , G. Sotgiu
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Abstract

Lung transplantation can improve the survival of patients with severe chronic pulmonary disorders. However, the short- and long-term risk of infections can increase morbidity and mortality rates.

A non-systematic review was performed to provide the most updated information on pathogen, host, and environment-related factors associated with the occurrence of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections as well as the most appropriate therapeutic options.

Bacterial infections account for about 50% of all infectious diseases in lung transplanted patients, while viruses represent the second cause of infection accounting for one third of all infections.

Almost 10% of patients develop invasive fungal infections during the first year after lung transplant. Pre-transplantation comorbidities, disruption of physical barriers during the surgery, and exposure to nosocomial pathogens during the hospital stay are directly associated with the occurrence of life-threatening infections.

Empiric antimicrobial treatment after the assessment of individual risk factors, local epidemiology of drug-resistant pathogens and possible drug-drug interactions can improve the clinical outcomes.

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肺移植患者的感染:综述。
肺移植可以改善严重慢性肺部疾病患者的生存状况。然而,短期和长期的感染风险会增加发病率和死亡率。为了提供与细菌、真菌和病毒感染发生相关的病原体、宿主和环境因素的最新信息以及最合适的治疗方案,我们进行了一项非系统性综述。细菌感染约占肺移植患者所有感染性疾病的 50%,而病毒是第二大感染原因,占所有感染的三分之一。近 10% 的患者在肺移植后第一年内会出现侵袭性真菌感染。移植前的合并症、手术过程中物理屏障的破坏以及住院期间接触到的院内病原体与危及生命的感染的发生直接相关。在对个体风险因素、当地耐药病原体流行病学和可能的药物相互作用进行评估后,进行经验性抗菌治疗可改善临床效果。
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来源期刊
Pulmonology
Pulmonology Medicine-Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
CiteScore
14.30
自引率
5.10%
发文量
159
审稿时长
19 days
期刊介绍: Pulmonology (previously Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia) is the official journal of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology (Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia/SPP). The journal publishes 6 issues per year and focuses on respiratory system diseases in adults and clinical research. It accepts various types of articles including peer-reviewed original articles, review articles, editorials, and opinion articles. The journal is published in English and is freely accessible through its website, as well as Medline and other databases. It is indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded, Journal of Citation Reports, Index Medicus/MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE/Excerpta Medica.
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