Efficiency of amphiphilic compounds in rabbit erythrocytes posthypertonic shock depending on temperature conditions

Abstract

The influence of temperature conditions on the level of damage of rabbit erythrocytes under posthypertonic shock and the level of their protection by amphiphilic compounds was investigated. We observed the maximum cell damage at 0°C. When the temperature increased to 20°C, the level of hemolysis decreased by 1.8 times. Further increase in temperature up to 37°C did not lead to a decrease in damage. The investigated amphiphilic compounds at 0°C and 10°C effectively protected rabbit erythrocytes from posthypertonic shock. Reduction of hemolytic damage was 2–3 times. At 20°C amphiphilic compounds did not affect the level of cell damage, and at 30°C and 37°C they increased it. The existence of temperature dependence of posthypertonic damage showed the involvement of the phospholipid component of the erythrocyte membrane in the process. Lower temperature is characterized by greater orderliness of lipids, its increase is accompanied by disorder and increased fluidity, and hence elasticity of the membrane. As a result, erythrocyte damage in posthypertonic shock is less at the temperature of 20–37°C. The addition of amphiphilic compounds at 0 and 10°C acts similarly to increasing the temperature, disorganizes the bilayer, increases the elasticity of the membrane and reduces damage during the transfer from hypertonic to isotonic solution. Above 20°C, the introduction of amphiphilic compounds leads not only to disorder, but also to the formation of mixed micelles consisting of phospholipids and amphiphilic molecules. This disrupts the bilayer, gives it instability and leads to increased damage of erythrocytes.