Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.008
Y. Pocherniaieva, K. Pochernyayev, I. Bankovska
The study was aimed at establishing the presence of MC4R (c.1426 A>G) gene polymorphism among the population of immunologically castrated and native gilts (Large White × Landrace) × Maxgro. Asp298Asn polymorphism affects the economic rate of growth and fattening productivity of commercial lines of pigs. Since the polymorphism of the MC4R gene correlates with the concentration of androstenone, skatole, and indole, the possible use of polymorphism as a molecular DNA marker MC4R for genetic selection in order to reduce the level of boar odor in gilts meat and fat. This will establish which alleles and genotypes in general will be determined as desirable in the marker dilution of hybrid pigs. With this in mind, the purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the MC4R genotype on fattening performance indicators and correlation with boar odor in hybrid gilts based on population-genetic variability. Genomic DNA was isolated from the ear hair follicle of native gilts (n=42) and epithelial tissue from the ear of immunologically castrated ones (n=52). Genotyping was performed using polymorphism of the lengths of restrictive fragments (RFLP). Genetic-correlation parameters for native and immunologically castrated gilts were evaluated by ADG/AGE30 and ADG/AGE100. However, the polymorphism of the c.1426 A>G gene did not significantly affect the ADG/AGE100 performance of hybrid gilts. The predominance of the frequency of allele A (0.55) is established above the frequency of the allele G (0.45). Analysis of the frequency distribution of genotypes showed the saturation of micropopulation with heterozygotes AG (0.51) with a small proportion of GG carriers (0.19). Immunologically castrated and uncastrated gilts with an MC4RA allele are characterized by a sufficiently high ADG/AGE100 and are probably characterized by a high level of boar-specific odor compared to gilts with lower ADG/AGE100 with an MC4RG allele. According to the data obtained, the desired genotype for an equilibrium of the concentration of boar odor without compromising physiological development, growth rate, and productivity formation is heterozygous offspring with the MC4RAG genotype.
{"title":"Association of the AspP298Asn polymorphism in the MC4R gene with fattening productivity of immunologically castrated and uncastrated gilts","authors":"Y. Pocherniaieva, K. Pochernyayev, I. Bankovska","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed at establishing the presence of MC4R (c.1426 A>G) gene polymorphism among the population of immunologically castrated and native gilts (Large White × Landrace) × Maxgro. Asp298Asn polymorphism affects the economic rate of growth and fattening productivity of commercial lines of pigs. Since the polymorphism of the MC4R gene correlates with the concentration of androstenone, skatole, and indole, the possible use of polymorphism as a molecular DNA marker MC4R for genetic selection in order to reduce the level of boar odor in gilts meat and fat. This will establish which alleles and genotypes in general will be determined as desirable in the marker dilution of hybrid pigs. With this in mind, the purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the MC4R genotype on fattening performance indicators and correlation with boar odor in hybrid gilts based on population-genetic variability. Genomic DNA was isolated from the ear hair follicle of native gilts (n=42) and epithelial tissue from the ear of immunologically castrated ones (n=52). Genotyping was performed using polymorphism of the lengths of restrictive fragments (RFLP). Genetic-correlation parameters for native and immunologically castrated gilts were evaluated by ADG/AGE30 and ADG/AGE100. However, the polymorphism of the c.1426 A>G gene did not significantly affect the ADG/AGE100 performance of hybrid gilts. The predominance of the frequency of allele A (0.55) is established above the frequency of the allele G (0.45). Analysis of the frequency distribution of genotypes showed the saturation of micropopulation with heterozygotes AG (0.51) with a small proportion of GG carriers (0.19). Immunologically castrated and uncastrated gilts with an MC4RA allele are characterized by a sufficiently high ADG/AGE100 and are probably characterized by a high level of boar-specific odor compared to gilts with lower ADG/AGE100 with an MC4RG allele. According to the data obtained, the desired genotype for an equilibrium of the concentration of boar odor without compromising physiological development, growth rate, and productivity formation is heterozygous offspring with the MC4RAG genotype.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.003
B. Omeliukh, Ya. R. Shalai, M. Bura, M. Ilkiv, Yurii Ostapiuk, N. Mitina, O. Zaichenko, A. Babsky
Many chemotherapeutics drugs have low water solubility, which potentially can decrease their anticancer potential. The use of drug delivery systems has proven to be highly effective in addressing the challenges associated with delivering hydrophobic chemotherapy drugs to tumor tissues. However, two major issues that arise in the clinical nanoparticle-based treatment of cancer are hepatotoxicity and suppression of the hematopoietic system, which can limit their medical applicability. As previously established, thiazole derivative N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide in complex with polymeric nanocarriers (nanomicelles) based on polyethylene glycol exhibited a greater level of cytotoxicity towards specific tumor cell lines melanoma, glioblastoma, hepatocarcinoma, leukemia, etc. This compound and its complexes with polymeric nanomicelle significantly changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in lymphoma cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a thiazole derivative with polymeric nanomicelles based on polyethylene glycol on the hepatocytes (liver cells) of mice that had been implanted with Nemet-Kelner lymphoma. The investigated compounds thiazole derivative, polymeric nanomicelle, and combination of thiazole derivative with nanomicelle at a final concentration of 10 μM were added to the liver samples and incubated for 10 min. The activity of antioxidant defense system enzymes such as superoxiddismutase, catalase, glutathionperoxidase was determined in liver homogenate under the action of studied compounds in vitro. It was reported that neither thiazole derivative, nanomicelle, nor their complex changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes from mice with lymphoma. Thiazole derivative and it complex with nanomicelle had limited negative side effects in the mice with lymphoma. The investigated compounds were not hepatotoxic toward murine liver cells.
{"title":"Activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes of mice with lymphoma under the action of thiazole derivative in complex with polymeric nanocarrier","authors":"B. Omeliukh, Ya. R. Shalai, M. Bura, M. Ilkiv, Yurii Ostapiuk, N. Mitina, O. Zaichenko, A. Babsky","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Many chemotherapeutics drugs have low water solubility, which potentially can decrease their anticancer potential. The use of drug delivery systems has proven to be highly effective in addressing the challenges associated with delivering hydrophobic chemotherapy drugs to tumor tissues. However, two major issues that arise in the clinical nanoparticle-based treatment of cancer are hepatotoxicity and suppression of the hematopoietic system, which can limit their medical applicability. As previously established, thiazole derivative N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide in complex with polymeric nanocarriers (nanomicelles) based on polyethylene glycol exhibited a greater level of cytotoxicity towards specific tumor cell lines melanoma, glioblastoma, hepatocarcinoma, leukemia, etc. This compound and its complexes with polymeric nanomicelle significantly changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in lymphoma cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a thiazole derivative with polymeric nanomicelles based on polyethylene glycol on the hepatocytes (liver cells) of mice that had been implanted with Nemet-Kelner lymphoma. The investigated compounds thiazole derivative, polymeric nanomicelle, and combination of thiazole derivative with nanomicelle at a final concentration of 10 μM were added to the liver samples and incubated for 10 min. The activity of antioxidant defense system enzymes such as superoxiddismutase, catalase, glutathionperoxidase was determined in liver homogenate under the action of studied compounds in vitro. It was reported that neither thiazole derivative, nanomicelle, nor their complex changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes from mice with lymphoma. Thiazole derivative and it complex with nanomicelle had limited negative side effects in the mice with lymphoma. The investigated compounds were not hepatotoxic toward murine liver cells.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.042
I. Kovalchuk, Ya. Lesyk, V. Kaplinskyi, M. Tsap, A. Pylypets
The article shows the life and scientific career of the famous physiologist, scientist, doctor of veterinary sciences, professor, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences Rostyslav Fedoruk. It describes the scientific, pedagogical, organizational and public activities of the professor. The results of fundamental research and applied developments obtained by R. Fedoruk during the performance of tasks that were part of the scientific programs of the NAAS and the Scientific and Methodological Center “Animal Physiology” are presented. The main results of the theoretical and applied research conducted under the leadership of R. Fedoruk regarding the influence of new effective feed additives and biologically active substances tested and implemented in production, in particular in cattle breeding, sheep breeding, rabbit breeding, poultry farming and beekeeping, and proposals and methods about their use are substantiated. Rostyslav Fedoruk is the author of more than 500 scientific works, including monographs, textbooks, reference books, etc. For a long time he was the deputy editor-in-chief and a member of the editorial boards of numerous scientific publications, a member of the Ukrainian Biochemical and Physiological Societies, the T. Shevchenko Scientific Society. Since 2015, he has been elected vice-president of the Ukrainian Physiological Society named after P. Kostyuk. The scientific activity of R. Fedoruk and his students is devoted to studying the processes of adaptation in animals to agroecological conditions of keeping, elucidating the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the influence of biologically active additives on the main and intermediate exchanges, the reproductive function and productivity of farm animals, and the assessment of the biological value of animal husbandry products. During the period of persistent creative and scientific-pedagogical activity, R. Fedoruk gained a strong authority as a scientist and enjoyed deep respect among his colleagues, influenced the formation of Ukrainian agricultural science and formed his scientific school of researchers.
文章介绍了著名生理学家、科学家、兽医学博士、教授、国家科学院通讯院士罗斯季斯拉夫-费多留克的生平和科研生涯。文章介绍了教授的科研、教学、组织和公共活动。书中介绍了罗斯季斯拉夫-费多留克在完成国家科学院和 "动物生理学 "科学与方法中心科学计划任务期间取得的基础研究和应用发展成果。在 R. Fedoruk 领导下进行的理论和应用研究的主要成果涉及新的有效饲料添加剂和生物活性物质在生产中的影响，特别是在养牛、养羊、养兔、家禽养殖和养蜂中的测试和实施，以及有关其使用的建议和方法。罗斯季斯拉夫-费多留克撰写了 500 多部科学著作，包括专著、教科书、参考书等。他长期担任众多科学出版物的副主编和编辑委员会成员，是乌克兰生化和生理学学会、谢甫琴科科学学会的成员。自 2015 年起，他当选为以 P. Kostyuk 命名的乌克兰生理学会副主席。R. Fedoruk 及其学生的科研活动致力于研究动物对农业生态饲养条件的适应过程，阐明生物活性添加剂对主要和中间交换、农场动物的繁殖功能和生产率产生影响的生理生化机制，以及畜牧产品生物价值的评估。在坚持不懈的创造性和科学教育活动期间，R. Fedoruk 作为科学家获得了很高的权威，在同事中享有很高的声望，影响了乌克兰农业科学的形成，并形成了自己的研究人员科学流派。
{"title":"Living in science and for science (in memory of Rostyslav Fedoruk)","authors":"I. Kovalchuk, Ya. Lesyk, V. Kaplinskyi, M. Tsap, A. Pylypets","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.042","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows the life and scientific career of the famous physiologist, scientist, doctor of veterinary sciences, professor, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences Rostyslav Fedoruk. It describes the scientific, pedagogical, organizational and public activities of the professor. The results of fundamental research and applied developments obtained by R. Fedoruk during the performance of tasks that were part of the scientific programs of the NAAS and the Scientific and Methodological Center “Animal Physiology” are presented. The main results of the theoretical and applied research conducted under the leadership of R. Fedoruk regarding the influence of new effective feed additives and biologically active substances tested and implemented in production, in particular in cattle breeding, sheep breeding, rabbit breeding, poultry farming and beekeeping, and proposals and methods about their use are substantiated. Rostyslav Fedoruk is the author of more than 500 scientific works, including monographs, textbooks, reference books, etc. For a long time he was the deputy editor-in-chief and a member of the editorial boards of numerous scientific publications, a member of the Ukrainian Biochemical and Physiological Societies, the T. Shevchenko Scientific Society. Since 2015, he has been elected vice-president of the Ukrainian Physiological Society named after P. Kostyuk. The scientific activity of R. Fedoruk and his students is devoted to studying the processes of adaptation in animals to agroecological conditions of keeping, elucidating the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the influence of biologically active additives on the main and intermediate exchanges, the reproductive function and productivity of farm animals, and the assessment of the biological value of animal husbandry products. During the period of persistent creative and scientific-pedagogical activity, R. Fedoruk gained a strong authority as a scientist and enjoyed deep respect among his colleagues, influenced the formation of Ukrainian agricultural science and formed his scientific school of researchers.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.031
B. O. Andriishyn
The results of research on the reproductive dynamics of the key amphibian species of the Ukrainian Roztochchia are presented. Since reproduction is one of the most important and key stages of the seasonal cycle of amphibians, special attention was paid to this period. We used classic and typical methods of recording reproductive activity of amphibians: route records, searching for dead amphibians on the roads, vocalization methods and installation of temporary protective barriers that prevent amphibians from crossing the road. Therefore, amphibians of the genera Rana and Bufo belong to the species with a sudden type of reproduction. We included representatives of the genera Lissotriton, Triturus, Bombina, Hyla, and Pelophylax to the long-term breeding species. In particular, temporary protective barriers gave us indicative and clear concepts regarding the temporal peaks and troughs of reproductive migrations of the studied amphibian species, as well as the direction of movement to reproductive and trophic habitats. Comparing the beginning of reproductive activity and its course throughout the season, we can see certain differences between the model species B. bufo and R. temporaria, in particular, the choice of breeding ponds, the time of spawning and the period of activity of sexually active individuals. Reproductive activity of the common frog occurs in the first half of March — mid-April. In the second half of April, we caught common frogs on both sides of the barriers, which indicates a “turning point” in the sexual activity of this species. Although the common toad is the first to appear after hibernation, spawning occurs approximately a decade later than that of the common frog but takes a little longer. We believe that such research should be continued regularly and our results will encourage herpetologists to further and long-term research.
{"title":"Reproductive dynamics of the common toad (Bufo bufo) and the grass frog (Rana temporaria) as one of the key species of their seasonal cycle","authors":"B. O. Andriishyn","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.031","url":null,"abstract":"The results of research on the reproductive dynamics of the key amphibian species of the Ukrainian Roztochchia are presented. Since reproduction is one of the most important and key stages of the seasonal cycle of amphibians, special attention was paid to this period. We used classic and typical methods of recording reproductive activity of amphibians: route records, searching for dead amphibians on the roads, vocalization methods and installation of temporary protective barriers that prevent amphibians from crossing the road. Therefore, amphibians of the genera Rana and Bufo belong to the species with a sudden type of reproduction. We included representatives of the genera Lissotriton, Triturus, Bombina, Hyla, and Pelophylax to the long-term breeding species. In particular, temporary protective barriers gave us indicative and clear concepts regarding the temporal peaks and troughs of reproductive migrations of the studied amphibian species, as well as the direction of movement to reproductive and trophic habitats. Comparing the beginning of reproductive activity and its course throughout the season, we can see certain differences between the model species B. bufo and R. temporaria, in particular, the choice of breeding ponds, the time of spawning and the period of activity of sexually active individuals. Reproductive activity of the common frog occurs in the first half of March — mid-April. In the second half of April, we caught common frogs on both sides of the barriers, which indicates a “turning point” in the sexual activity of this species. Although the common toad is the first to appear after hibernation, spawning occurs approximately a decade later than that of the common frog but takes a little longer. We believe that such research should be continued regularly and our results will encourage herpetologists to further and long-term research.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.036
R. Dankovych, V. I. Chuliuk
Principles of reptile treatment are significantly different from the drug therapy for mammals and birds, which is primarily due to anatomical and physiological peculiarities of reptiles. Gentamicin, which has a nephrotoxic effect, is used for the treatment of reptile infectious diseases. For the purpose of studying the effects of gentamicin of reptiles a serum biochemical analysis was conducted determining aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity, urea and uric acid concentration. Two research groups of red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) were formed for the study; every 48 hours they received an injection of gentamicin in a dose 10 mg/kg into thoracic limb muscles. The animals of the first research group were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th day, and the animals of the second group were withdrawn on the 14th day of the research. As a result of parenteral administration of gentamicin in turtles, there is an increase in the concentration of uric acid and urea, as well as the activity of aspartate aminotransferases and alanine aminotransferases in blood serum. In the kidneys, structural changes of the glomeruli were found: alternative changes in podocytes, as well as degenerative and necrotic changes in the renal tubule epithelium. Degenerative changes of nephrocytes were accompanied by the dilation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum tubules, mitochondrial crista destruction, accumulation of autophagolysosomes, cytosomes and lysosomes in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, signs of nephrocyte apoptosis with the formation of apoptotic bodies were detected. A liver examination revealed dystrophic and necrotic changes in hepatocytes, expansion and overflow of the vessels of the venous beds.
{"title":"Pathomorphological changes of kidneys, liver and blood serum biochemical parameters in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans Wied, 1839) as a result of gentamicin parenteral injection","authors":"R. Dankovych, V. I. Chuliuk","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.036","url":null,"abstract":"Principles of reptile treatment are significantly different from the drug therapy for mammals and birds, which is primarily due to anatomical and physiological peculiarities of reptiles. Gentamicin, which has a nephrotoxic effect, is used for the treatment of reptile infectious diseases. For the purpose of studying the effects of gentamicin of reptiles a serum biochemical analysis was conducted determining aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity, urea and uric acid concentration. Two research groups of red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) were formed for the study; every 48 hours they received an injection of gentamicin in a dose 10 mg/kg into thoracic limb muscles. The animals of the first research group were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th day, and the animals of the second group were withdrawn on the 14th day of the research. As a result of parenteral administration of gentamicin in turtles, there is an increase in the concentration of uric acid and urea, as well as the activity of aspartate aminotransferases and alanine aminotransferases in blood serum. In the kidneys, structural changes of the glomeruli were found: alternative changes in podocytes, as well as degenerative and necrotic changes in the renal tubule epithelium. Degenerative changes of nephrocytes were accompanied by the dilation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum tubules, mitochondrial crista destruction, accumulation of autophagolysosomes, cytosomes and lysosomes in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, signs of nephrocyte apoptosis with the formation of apoptotic bodies were detected. A liver examination revealed dystrophic and necrotic changes in hepatocytes, expansion and overflow of the vessels of the venous beds.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"10 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.019
A. Bogdaniuk, V. Garkavii, M. Petrushko
Genetic variations among breeds within a species can impact not only productivity traits, such as milk yield and quality, but also animal health, including fertility. This study aimed to compare the reproductive characteristics of bucks from the Saanen and Alpine breeds. Sperm concentration and motility were assessed using light microscopy, viability was determined using eosin-nigrosin staining, and morphological parameters were evaluated using the Spermac Stain method. DNA fragmentation was measured using the Halosperm kit. Artificial insemination of goats was conducted with fresh semen during natural estrus. Statistical analysis was performed using the Graph Pad Prism software. The results revealed that Alpine bucks exhibited significantly higher semen volume, sperm concentration, viability, and motility (P<0.05). No significant differences (P≥0,05) were observed between the breeds regarding the number of spermatozoa with normal morphology and the rate of DNA fragmentation. Cryobiological analysis of spermatozoa from Saanen bucks suggested a higher cryoresistance compared to the Alpine breed. Following artificial insemination of goats, the pregnancy rate for the Saanen breed was 61.8%, which was twice as high as that observed in Alpine goats — 28.8% (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate significant differences in reproductive characteristics between Saanen and Alpine goats. Despite superior sperm characteristics, the pregnancy rate after artificial insemination was significantly lower in the Alpine breed compared to the Saanen breed. Consequently, it is crucial to consider these variations in essential reproductive characteristics when implementing breeding programs and employing reproductive biotechnology in animal husbandry to ensure their successful application and effectiveness.
一个物种内不同品种间的遗传变异不仅会影响产奶量和质量等生产性能，还会影响包括繁殖力在内的动物健康。本研究旨在比较萨能（Saanen）和阿尔卑斯（Alpine）品种公鹿的繁殖特征。使用光学显微镜评估精子浓度和活力，使用伊红-曙红染色法测定精子活力，使用精子染色法评估精子形态参数。使用 Halosperm 试剂盒测量 DNA 片段。在山羊自然发情期间使用新鲜精液进行人工授精。使用 Graph Pad Prism 软件进行统计分析。结果表明，高山公山羊的精液量、精子浓度、存活率和活力都明显高于其他公山羊（P<0.05）。在具有正常形态的精子数量和 DNA 碎片率方面，没有观察到品种间的明显差异（P≥0.05）。对萨能公羊精子的低温生物学分析表明，与阿尔卑斯品种相比，萨能公羊的精子具有更高的抗低温能力。对山羊进行人工授精后，萨能种山羊的受孕率为 61.8%，是阿尔卑斯种山羊受孕率（28.8%）的两倍（P<0.05）。这些研究结果表明，萨能山羊和阿尔卑斯山羊的繁殖特性存在显著差异。尽管阿尔卑斯山羊的精子特性更优越，但其人工授精后的受孕率明显低于萨能山羊。因此，在畜牧业中实施育种计划和采用生殖生物技术时，必须考虑这些基本生殖特性的差异，以确保其成功应用和有效性。
{"title":"Reproductive characteristics of Saanen and Alpine bucks","authors":"A. Bogdaniuk, V. Garkavii, M. Petrushko","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variations among breeds within a species can impact not only productivity traits, such as milk yield and quality, but also animal health, including fertility. This study aimed to compare the reproductive characteristics of bucks from the Saanen and Alpine breeds. Sperm concentration and motility were assessed using light microscopy, viability was determined using eosin-nigrosin staining, and morphological parameters were evaluated using the Spermac Stain method. DNA fragmentation was measured using the Halosperm kit. Artificial insemination of goats was conducted with fresh semen during natural estrus. Statistical analysis was performed using the Graph Pad Prism software. The results revealed that Alpine bucks exhibited significantly higher semen volume, sperm concentration, viability, and motility (P<0.05). No significant differences (P≥0,05) were observed between the breeds regarding the number of spermatozoa with normal morphology and the rate of DNA fragmentation. Cryobiological analysis of spermatozoa from Saanen bucks suggested a higher cryoresistance compared to the Alpine breed. Following artificial insemination of goats, the pregnancy rate for the Saanen breed was 61.8%, which was twice as high as that observed in Alpine goats — 28.8% (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate significant differences in reproductive characteristics between Saanen and Alpine goats. Despite superior sperm characteristics, the pregnancy rate after artificial insemination was significantly lower in the Alpine breed compared to the Saanen breed. Consequently, it is crucial to consider these variations in essential reproductive characteristics when implementing breeding programs and employing reproductive biotechnology in animal husbandry to ensure their successful application and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.03.013
N. Liubas, I. Y. Oliynyk
This study investigated the influence of thiosulfonate esters, specifically S-ethyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ETS), S-allyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ATS), and S-allyl-4-acetylaminobenzenethiosulfonate (AATS), at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight on the antioxidant defense system in rat kidneys. The kidneys are essential organs involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and they are constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. The effectiveness of the antioxidant defense system was evaluated by measuring oxidative stress markers, including lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as the activity of key antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Dysfunction of oxidant protection was observed with an oily diet, characterized by an increase in lipid hydroperoxide levels, a decrease in the SOD and catalase activity, and a decrease in the antioxidant activity of the entire glutathione chain. Administration of thiosulfonates, especially ETS and AATS, helped stabilize antioxidant protection. The beneficial antioxidant effects of thiosulfonates can be partially explained by their ability to prevent the formation of free radicals, can intercept, neutralize reactive oxygen species and other harmful substances that can damage body cells.
{"title":"The role of oil solutions of thiosulfonates in the modulation of antioxidant parameters in rat kidneys","authors":"N. Liubas, I. Y. Oliynyk","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the influence of thiosulfonate esters, specifically S-ethyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ETS), S-allyl-4-aminobenzenethiosulfonate (ATS), and S-allyl-4-acetylaminobenzenethiosulfonate (AATS), at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight on the antioxidant defense system in rat kidneys. The kidneys are essential organs involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and they are constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. The effectiveness of the antioxidant defense system was evaluated by measuring oxidative stress markers, including lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as the activity of key antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Dysfunction of oxidant protection was observed with an oily diet, characterized by an increase in lipid hydroperoxide levels, a decrease in the SOD and catalase activity, and a decrease in the antioxidant activity of the entire glutathione chain. Administration of thiosulfonates, especially ETS and AATS, helped stabilize antioxidant protection. The beneficial antioxidant effects of thiosulfonates can be partially explained by their ability to prevent the formation of free radicals, can intercept, neutralize reactive oxygen species and other harmful substances that can damage body cells.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.02.008
O. Sharan, V. Stefanyk, M. Murawski
The aim of the study was to find out the effect of adding nanocitrate of Mn, Zn and Cu to the diluent for ram spermatozoa cryopreservation on its quality and ability for fertilizing. The experiment was carried out on six clinically healthy breeder 2–4-year-old rams of the Texel breed. The received ejaculates of the rams were evaluated for the volume, sperm concentration and motility and then divided into control and experimental groups. Control sperm samples were diluted with lactose-yolk-tris-citrate-glycerin medium (LYTCGM). Nanocitrates of microelements were added to the medium in experimental samples of ram sperm in the following doses: Zn2+ and Mn2+ — 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 μg/l, Cu2+ — 1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 μg/l. The diluted sperm was packaged in straws, equilibrated for 2.5 h and frozen. After thawing of sperm we determined motility, survival of sperm, activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome oxidase (CO), activity of antioxidant protection enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (HPO) and catalase (CAT). A dose- dependent effect of Mn, Zn, and Cu nanocitrates upon their addition to LYTCGM was established. Addition of nanocitrates of Mn, Zn to LYTCGM at a dose of 5.0 μg/l increased sperm motility by 22.2% (P<0.05) and 26.0% (P<0.01), and sperm survival, respectively, by 12.6% on (P<0.01) and 5.9% (P<0.05) compared to the control. Nanocitrates of Mn, Zn at a dose of 5.0 μg/l as part of LYTCGM caused a probable increase in SDH (P<0.001) and CO (P<0.05–0.01), which indicates a high fertilizing ability of ram spermatozoa. Similarly, when Mn, Zn nanocitrates were added to LYTCGM at a dose of 5.0 μg/l, SOD activity decreased by 29.6% (P<0.01) and 38.8% (P<0.01) and HPO activity increased by 43.5% (P<0.01) and 39.1% (P<0.01), and CAT — by 40.0% (P<0.05) and 37.5% (P<0.05), respectively. At the same time, the addition of Cu nanocitrate to LYTCGM with an increase in the dose significantly reduces the activity, survival and fertilizing capacity of thawed ram spermatozoa, and also worsens their antioxidant protection.
{"title":"The quality of ram spermatozoa after thawing with the addition of Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ nanocitrate to cryopreservation diluent","authors":"O. Sharan, V. Stefanyk, M. Murawski","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to find out the effect of adding nanocitrate of Mn, Zn and Cu to the diluent for ram spermatozoa cryopreservation on its quality and ability for fertilizing. The experiment was carried out on six clinically healthy breeder 2–4-year-old rams of the Texel breed. The received ejaculates of the rams were evaluated for the volume, sperm concentration and motility and then divided into control and experimental groups. Control sperm samples were diluted with lactose-yolk-tris-citrate-glycerin medium (LYTCGM). Nanocitrates of microelements were added to the medium in experimental samples of ram sperm in the following doses: Zn2+ and Mn2+ — 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 μg/l, Cu2+ — 1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 μg/l. The diluted sperm was packaged in straws, equilibrated for 2.5 h and frozen. After thawing of sperm we determined motility, survival of sperm, activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome oxidase (CO), activity of antioxidant protection enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (HPO) and catalase (CAT). A dose- dependent effect of Mn, Zn, and Cu nanocitrates upon their addition to LYTCGM was established. Addition of nanocitrates of Mn, Zn to LYTCGM at a dose of 5.0 μg/l increased sperm motility by 22.2% (P<0.05) and 26.0% (P<0.01), and sperm survival, respectively, by 12.6% on (P<0.01) and 5.9% (P<0.05) compared to the control. Nanocitrates of Mn, Zn at a dose of 5.0 μg/l as part of LYTCGM caused a probable increase in SDH (P<0.001) and CO (P<0.05–0.01), which indicates a high fertilizing ability of ram spermatozoa. Similarly, when Mn, Zn nanocitrates were added to LYTCGM at a dose of 5.0 μg/l, SOD activity decreased by 29.6% (P<0.01) and 38.8% (P<0.01) and HPO activity increased by 43.5% (P<0.01) and 39.1% (P<0.01), and CAT — by 40.0% (P<0.05) and 37.5% (P<0.05), respectively. At the same time, the addition of Cu nanocitrate to LYTCGM with an increase in the dose significantly reduces the activity, survival and fertilizing capacity of thawed ram spermatozoa, and also worsens their antioxidant protection.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77503693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.02.033
T. Rumynska
The aim of the work was to identify the anti-inflammatory effect of a newly synthesized drug from the group of 4-thiazolidinones. Thus, a comparative study of the effect of two agents was conducted: the drug Les6490 and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide. This drug belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which have pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Nimesulide belongs to highly selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and its isoenzymes (COX-2) and is used for treatment in various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The newly synthesized compound Les6490 belongs to the group of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives. The thiazolidinone ring is part of many existing potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents, and can be combined with pyrazole fragments, which are pharmacophores of the same structure, and can contribute to increased therapeutic efficacy. The study of the peculiarities of hematological changes in rats during the experimental reproduction of the associated inflammatory process using the Freund’s adjuvant model has been conducted. As a result of the study of anti-inflammatory activity based on hematological indicators of the drugs — a new synthesized derivative of 4-thiazolidinones and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide — their anti-inflammatory activity was revealed, which can be considered comparable to the slight advantage of the drug Les6490. At the same time, without affecting the quantitative level of erythrocytes with isolated administration, under the conditions of the inflammatory process, nimesulide and Les6490 caused a significant increase in the total number of erythrocytes. No effect on the amount of erythrocytes was found. The analysis of leukocyte formula suggests the evidence that the activity of Les6490 from the group of 4-thiazolidinones is to some extent more pronounced than the activity of nimesulide. The most pronounced changes in the leukocyte formula during AF-induced inflammation were observed on the part of neutrophils: the effect of the studied substance Les6490 was more pronounced compared to the effect of nimesulide. The introduction of the new compound Les6490 partially caused the normalization of monocytes, and under the conditions of the AF-associated inflammatory process, no significant changes were observed.
{"title":"The effect of the nimesulide and a new 4-thiazolidinone derivative on hematological parameters in the conditions of an experimental inflammatory process","authors":"T. Rumynska","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.02.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.02.033","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to identify the anti-inflammatory effect of a newly synthesized drug from the group of 4-thiazolidinones. Thus, a comparative study of the effect of two agents was conducted: the drug Les6490 and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide. This drug belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which have pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Nimesulide belongs to highly selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and its isoenzymes (COX-2) and is used for treatment in various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The newly synthesized compound Les6490 belongs to the group of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives. The thiazolidinone ring is part of many existing potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents, and can be combined with pyrazole fragments, which are pharmacophores of the same structure, and can contribute to increased therapeutic efficacy. The study of the peculiarities of hematological changes in rats during the experimental reproduction of the associated inflammatory process using the Freund’s adjuvant model has been conducted. As a result of the study of anti-inflammatory activity based on hematological indicators of the drugs — a new synthesized derivative of 4-thiazolidinones and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide — their anti-inflammatory activity was revealed, which can be considered comparable to the slight advantage of the drug Les6490. At the same time, without affecting the quantitative level of erythrocytes with isolated administration, under the conditions of the inflammatory process, nimesulide and Les6490 caused a significant increase in the total number of erythrocytes. No effect on the amount of erythrocytes was found. The analysis of leukocyte formula suggests the evidence that the activity of Les6490 from the group of 4-thiazolidinones is to some extent more pronounced than the activity of nimesulide. The most pronounced changes in the leukocyte formula during AF-induced inflammation were observed on the part of neutrophils: the effect of the studied substance Les6490 was more pronounced compared to the effect of nimesulide. The introduction of the new compound Les6490 partially caused the normalization of monocytes, and under the conditions of the AF-associated inflammatory process, no significant changes were observed.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89312319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/animbiol25.02.042
O. Bodnar
It is known that the immune status of the female organism changes dynamically at all stages of both the physiological and pathological state of the reproductive system. The work presents the results of scientific research and analysis of immunological studies in cows with ovarian dysfunction. We studied the nature and peculiarities of the relationships between the indicators of immunity and sexual function of infertile cows before and after treatment. The purpose of the research was to find out the dynamics of some morphological and biochemical blood indicators and the immune status of the body in cows with functional disorders of the ovaries. Certain regularities of the immune status in cows with persistent corpus luteum of the ovary and hypofunction of the ovaries have been established. The results of our research confirmed and supplemented previously established data on changes in hematological and immunological indicators in cows with ovarian pathology. It was established that the development of this pathology was accompanied by an immunodeficient state of the body, disorders of the cellular and humoral links of immunity, and a decrease in indicators of non-specific protection. Ovarian dysfunction in cows mainly develops against the background of immunosuppression and deficiency of indicators of cellular protection of the body, which was supplemented by a decrease in the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and total protein in the blood. A significant increase in the content of “0” mononuclear cells in the blood of sick cows indicates a violation of the mechanisms of lymphocyte differentiation, which negatively affects the formation of the body’s immune response. The imbalance of individual lymphocyte populations indicates the need for immunocorrection in order to increase the content of B and T cells, which will, accordingly, lead to a decrease in the share of low-active “0”-lymphocytes, and will contribute to the restoration of the immune defense mechanisms of the cows’ body. The decrease in indicators of individual factors of immunobiological reactivity of the body of cows with gonadal pathology substantiates the need for the use of general stimulating drugs with an immunomodulating effect.
{"title":"Immunobiological reactivity of the body in cows with ovarian dysfunction","authors":"O. Bodnar","doi":"10.15407/animbiol25.02.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol25.02.042","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the immune status of the female organism changes dynamically at all stages of both the physiological and pathological state of the reproductive system. The work presents the results of scientific research and analysis of immunological studies in cows with ovarian dysfunction. We studied the nature and peculiarities of the relationships between the indicators of immunity and sexual function of infertile cows before and after treatment. The purpose of the research was to find out the dynamics of some morphological and biochemical blood indicators and the immune status of the body in cows with functional disorders of the ovaries. Certain regularities of the immune status in cows with persistent corpus luteum of the ovary and hypofunction of the ovaries have been established. The results of our research confirmed and supplemented previously established data on changes in hematological and immunological indicators in cows with ovarian pathology. It was established that the development of this pathology was accompanied by an immunodeficient state of the body, disorders of the cellular and humoral links of immunity, and a decrease in indicators of non-specific protection. Ovarian dysfunction in cows mainly develops against the background of immunosuppression and deficiency of indicators of cellular protection of the body, which was supplemented by a decrease in the content of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and total protein in the blood. A significant increase in the content of “0” mononuclear cells in the blood of sick cows indicates a violation of the mechanisms of lymphocyte differentiation, which negatively affects the formation of the body’s immune response. The imbalance of individual lymphocyte populations indicates the need for immunocorrection in order to increase the content of B and T cells, which will, accordingly, lead to a decrease in the share of low-active “0”-lymphocytes, and will contribute to the restoration of the immune defense mechanisms of the cows’ body. The decrease in indicators of individual factors of immunobiological reactivity of the body of cows with gonadal pathology substantiates the need for the use of general stimulating drugs with an immunomodulating effect.","PeriodicalId":22372,"journal":{"name":"The Animal Biology","volume":"22 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78480300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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