Use of FIA systems for on-line dilution in multielement determination by ICP–MS

Abstract

A flow-injection (FI) system to match concentrations was used as an auto-diluter in multielement determination by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The flow system comprised loop-based injection or a timed valve that introduced a variable sample volume into a spray chamber through a standard Meinhard nebulizer of an ICP–MS. Routinely analyzed samples such as water, plant, and steel were selected. The accuracy of multielement determination was checked against water standard reference material from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (1643d), plant standard reference material from the National Bureau of Standards (1572 citrus leaves), and steel standard reference material from the National Bureau of Standards (AISI 4340). The measuring system was calibrated with a multielement solution, yielding a linear plot with good precision [relative standard deviation (RSD) < 3%, n = 12]. The results were in agreement at a 95% confidence level with the certified values for the reference materials and also with those obtained by continuous aspiration and by (FI) with a discrete volume. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lab Robotics and Automation 11: 240–247, 1999