A Review of the Epidemiology of CrossFit-Related Injuries

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the epidemiology of injury in CrossFit participants using a systematic review format. Methodology: In total, 12 studies were selected for review. The Electronic Databases which were searched include; Google Scholar, Human Kinetics Journal, NCBI Journal of Sport Science, PUBMed and the SAGE Journals. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the STROBE Criteria recommendations. Data was also collected by searching the NSCA Journal of Strength and Sport Conditioning Research databases. Reviewed items were selected using the PRISMA recommendations for systematic review. The inclusion and exclusion followed PICO recommendations. Findings: CrossFit is an extremely varied sport with a large list of demands and due to its unpredictable nature it may seem to pose a high risk of injury to participants. However, CrossFit has been shown to be a relatively safe sport. Injuries were found to foremostly in the shoulders followed by the lower back and the knees. These injuries can be hypothesized to be a result of overtraining or excess workload. Considerations may be taken in the future to reduce the risk of injury in these areas. Factors which may influence the risk of injury in these areas were found during the review. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Recommendations include- emphasis on proper form and technique; gradually increasing training load; incorporating strength and mobility training; individualize programming and scaling; prioritizing rest days and recovery and educating participants on injury prevention.