Impact of Intestinal Parasite/Malaria Co-Infection on Haemoglobin in Patients of Melong and Denzo Health Facilities, Littoral Region, Cameroon

E. E. J. Eyong, Makebe Sylvie, G. Tiburce, Y. Wenceslas
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Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of intestinal parasite/malaria co-infection on haemoglobin in patients of Melong and Denzo health facilities, Littoral region, Cameroon. Materials and methods: This study took place from November 2019-March 2020. Blood samples were collected from patients after informed consent by finger pricking. Stool samples were examined using normal saline and the Kato-Katz technique for the presence and intensity of IPs. Thick blood films were prepared, Giemsa-stained and examined under x100 to detect the presence of parasites and estimate GMPD. Hb values were determined using a haemoglobinometer. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23 and the significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of IP was 28.3% (113/400). Entamoeba histolytica was the most prevalent IP 22.0% (88/400) while Taenia spp 0.3% (1/400) and Trichuris trichiura 0.3% (1/400) recorded the lowest prevalences. E. histolytica was significantly more in Melong (27.7%, 76/274) than in Denzo (9.5%, 12/126), (P=0.001). Ascaris lumbricoides was significantly more in Denzo (10.3%, 13/126) than in Melong (0.3%, 1/274), P=0.001. Trichomonas hominis was the only parasite which was significantly different (p=0.009) between age groups. The overall prevalence of malaria was 66.5% (266/400). The prevalence of malaria was higher in Denzo (79.3%, 100/126) than in Melong (60.5, 166/274), P=0.001. Children ≤ 5 years recorded the highest (75.4%, 83/110) prevalence of malaria, and the difference between age groups was significant, p=0.016. The overall prevalence of co-infection and anaemia were 16.3% (65/400) and 58.8% (235/400), respectively. Higher prevalence (20.6%, 37/180) of intestinal parasites/ malaria was seen in anaemic patients than in non-anemic (12.7%, 28/220), p=0.035. Conclusion: Malaria was a strong predictor of anemia and the malaria intensity was highly correlated with anemia in patients from Melong and Denzo localities. Interventions targeting groups at risk will help reduce morbidity and mortality caused by these diseases in Melong and Denzo localities.
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肠道寄生虫/疟疾合并感染对喀麦隆沿海地区Melong和Denzo卫生设施患者血红蛋白的影响
目的:评估肠道寄生虫/疟疾合并感染对喀麦隆沿海地区Melong和Denzo卫生机构患者血红蛋白的影响。材料和方法:本研究于2019年11月- 2020年3月进行。经患者知情同意后,采用刺指法采集血样。使用生理盐水和Kato-Katz技术检测粪便样本中IPs的存在和强度。制备厚血膜,giemsa染色,在x100下检测寄生虫的存在和估计GMPD。用血红蛋白计测定Hb值。数据分析采用SPSS version 23,显著性水平设为P<0.05。结果:总患病率为28.3%(113/400)。溶组织内阿米巴患病率最高,为22.0%(88/400),带绦虫0.3%(1/400)和毛滴虫0.3%(1/400)患病率最低。溶组织芽孢杆菌在梅龙(27.7%,76/274)的检出率显著高于丹佐(9.5%,12/126),差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。Denzo的蛔虫数量(10.3%,13/126)显著高于Melong (0.3%, 1/274), P=0.001。人毛滴虫是唯一的寄生虫,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(p=0.009)。疟疾总流行率为66.5%(266/400)。Denzo地区疟疾患病率为79.3%(100/126),高于Melong地区(60.5%,166/274),P=0.001。5岁以下儿童疟疾患病率最高(75.4%,83/110),年龄组间差异有统计学意义(p=0.016)。合并感染和贫血的总体患病率分别为16.3%(65/400)和58.8%(235/400)。贫血患者肠道寄生虫/疟疾患病率(20.6%,37/180)高于非贫血患者(12.7%,28/220),p=0.035。结论:疟疾是Melong和Denzo地区患者贫血的重要预测因子,疟疾强度与贫血高度相关。针对高危人群的干预措施将有助于减少这些疾病在梅隆和登佐地区造成的发病率和死亡率。
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