Study of innate factors in the local immune defense of the genital organs of dogs and cats

Abstract

Immune system of reproductive organs of animals is represented by a number of cellular and humoral protection factors. Recently, the attention of scientists was attracted by the role of immunocompetent cells, which integrally provide immune homeostasis at all stages of the reproductive function. The purpose of the work was to study the cellular factors of immune defense of mucous membranes of genital organs of dogs and cats. The cytological composition and determination of immunological parameters of vaginal microscope slide were determined by patented methods. Local immunity was determined by the parameters of extracellular protection mechanisms, which consisted in the study of the Oxygen-dependent potential of neutrophil granulocytes (NBT-test) and their ability to form extracellular traps (NETs). Our studies have found that in different stages of the sexual cycle in beach and cats, along with cytological changes in epithelial cells, changes occur in phagocytic protection. In particular, in the post-infusion period there was an increase in the number of intermediate and basal epithelial cells on the surface of which were adhered microorganisms. Along with epithelial cells, activated phagocytes were grouped. Neutrophils showed cytochemical reactivity in the NBT-test, and also formed NETs. At the same time, activated phagocytes absorbed microorganisms, and some epithelial cells formed specific cytoplasmic inclusions, which obviously also has an important role in the antimicrobial immunity of the mucosa. Some neutrophilic granulocytes were in a state of apoptosis. During the sexual cycle in the organism of dogs and cats there are morphology and functional changes in the genital organs, which was accompanied by a change in the cytological picture of vaginal microscope slides. It was established that the antimicrobial protection system plays an important role in the neutrophilic granulocytes, the functional activity of which also has a change. The main mechanisms of extracellular antimicrobial protection of microphages are realized with the involvement of Oxygen species in the excretion system of active forms and the formation of neutrophilic extracellular traps. Epithelial cells are also involved in the formation of immune homeostasis of genital mucous membranes.