Morphological changes in cows’ mammary gland tissue under chronic form of mastitis

Abstract

Nowadays, there are many different methods for diagnosing cow’ mammary gland diseases. This is a clinical examination of the general condition of the animal, organoleptic, physico-chemical, bacteriological research of the secretion of the mammary gland, radiological, ultrasound, laser, histological, cytological diagnostics, etc. Since all these methods in most cases are aimed at evaluating functional changes in the mammary gland and do not reflect the structural changes of the organ, so in the development of therapeutic and preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of pathological processes in the mammary gland in cows do not display information on pathomorphological changes in the tissues of mammary glands for mastitis of various forms. Histological diagnostics becomes an integral part of the clinical examination of animals in the activity of the doctor of veterinary medicine, because it allows taking into account the changes occurring in the tissues of the mammary gland, not only on the macroscopic, but also on the microscopic levels, which is especially important in differential diagnosis. Microscopic studies of biopsy revealed that normally the wall of the lacrimal alveolus consists of a single-layer cubic epithelium, a layer of myoepithelial (basintine) cells, a basement membrane and perialveolar connective tissue that contains numerous blood and lymphatic capillaries and nerve fibers. On the internal walls of the alveoli, there are secretory cells (lactoxytes) which, at different stages of their accumulation of secretion, or its separation into the lumen of the alveoli. The entire lumen of the alveoli is completely filled with a secret, which is rather intensely colored with eosin. In damaged alveoli, we detected the destruction of in situ lacticates, their excretion into the lumen with subsequent destruction there. In the destruction and removal of a small number of lacto-cysts in the lumen of the alveoli was a formed secret, in which an increased number of lactocytes and single neutrophils and lymphocytes were recorded. The given results indicate the pathohistological changes in cows’ mammary gland tissues under the chronic form of the mastitis. The method can be used as one of the important tests in the differential diagnosis of mastitis, which makes it possible to carry out in-depth study of the structure of the mammary gland of cows for various types of pathology using the method of biopsy of tissues from the affected area and the histological examination of the biopsy. Histology, as the most important scientific instrument of biology and medicine, is the only way to detect pathological changes in the tissues of the mammary gland. That is why histology of breast pathology serves as the most accurate diagnostic method in veterinary medicine and helps to choose the most effective way of treatment.