Obesity and Growing Health Risks - A Review

Abstract

Obesity is a multifaceted disease that is frequently linked to a number of other serious illnesses, including diabetes, hypertension, and other cardiovascular disorders, osteoarthritis, and some malignancies. Obesity management will thus necessitate a wide range of strategies aimed at both people who already have weight problems and those who are at high risk of becoming obese. As a result, childhood obesity prevention should be prioritised, as there is a danger of obesity persisting into adulthood. This article discusses numerous obesity prevention and treatment options, with a focus on the most recent study findings. Since 1975, the worldwide obesity rate has nearly tripled. In 2016, approximately 1.9 billion adults and children aged 18 and up were overweight. Obesity affected around 650 million people. In 2016, 39% of adults aged 18 and above were overweight or obese, with 13% being obese. In the majority of the world's population, obesity and overweight kill more people than underweight. In the year 2019, there were 38 million overweight or obese children under the age of five. Over 340 million children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 were overweight or obese in 2016. Obesity is preventable. India currently has more than 135 million obese people. Obesity was previously measured using the body mass index (BMI). Obese children will number 158 million worldwide by 2020, rising to 206 million by 2025 and 254 million by 2030. In actuality, India will have the second-highest number of obese children after China, with 27, 481, 141 or 27 million, much above the 17 million in the United States.