Antibacterial Potency of Lichen Teloschisthes flavicans From Kepahiang District Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Lichen is one of the organisms with a high level of biodiversity and rich of antibacterial secondary metabolites compounds. One species of lichenes found in Kepahyang Indonesia is Teloschisthes flavicans. This study aims to find out an antibacterial effectiveness of Teloschisthes flavicans extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. T. flavicans samples are obtained from the barks of African trees (Maesopsis eminii Engl.), it was then extracted using 96% (1:10) ethanol for 5 days. antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method with 10 treatments; those are: negative control (DMSO 10%), positive control (chloramphenicol 0.10%), and T. flavicans extract with concentration of 25 ppm; 50 ppm; 75 ppm; 100 ppm; 200 ppm; 400 ppm; 800 ppm; and 1000 ppm. The result obtained the average diameter of the clear zone. Antibacterial activity of T. flavicans against the growth of S. aureus obtained an average diameter of clear zone at 35.30 ± 0.28 mm for the positive control treatment, it was also found the average diameter of the clear zone due to the aplication of T. flavicans extract from the lowest to the highest concentration was that of 8.37 ± 0.10 mm; 14.65 ± 0.91 mm; 11.17 ± 0.10 mm; 11.47 ± 0. mm; 11.90 ± 0.84 mm; 12.50 ± 0.7 mm; 12.22 ± 0.24 mm; and 12.57 ± 0.17 mm. Meanwhile, the result of antibacterial activity of T. flavicans extract against the growth of P. aeruginosa was the average diameter of the clear zone of 37.77 ± 1.02 mm for the positive control, and the clear zone respectively at; 7.02 ± 0.03 mm; 9.00 ± 1.06 mm; 9.97 ± 1.94 mm; 10.95 ± 0.56 mm; 11.50 ±100 ppm 1.27 mm control, and 11.62 ± 1.30 mm; 11.60 ± 0.21 mm; and 12.17 ± 1.02 mm at samples treated by T. flavicans extract from the lowest to the highest concentration. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Duncan test using SPSS 16.0. The most effective concentration of T. flavicans extract in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus is 50 ppm. While the most effective concentration of T. flavicans extract in inhibiting the growth of P. aeruginosa was 100 ppm.