Wire array load design and optimization for short (100 ns) and long (220 ns) current rise time on the 1 MA cobra generator

A. Esaulov, V. Kantsyrev, A. Safronova, K. Williamson, I. Shrestha, G. Osborne, R. Mcbride, P. Knapp, D. Chalenski, J. Greenly, D. Hammer
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Abstract

Summary form only given. Wire array implosions with different current pulse rise times have been studied on the 1 MA COBRA facility at Cornell University. The flexibility of the COBRA generator allowed switching between the short (100 ns) and long (220 ns) current pulse rise time to study the implosion of nested wire array loads in these two regimes. The load design and optimization was performed by simulations with the novel wire ablation dynamics model (WADM) code, which extended the original wire dynamics model by including the dynamics of wire ablation and precursor plasma formation on the array axis. As compared to the short current pulse, the longer current rise time allows increasing the array mass. By switching between the different pulse shapes the implosion dynamics of nested arrays made from the same wires, but with different wire numbers, have been compared. While the time of the wire core ablation is directly proportional of the array mass, the implosion time is proportional to the square root of the array mass. WADM simulations demonstrate that the implosion dynamics of the arrays with higher mass is more ablation dominated. If the process of core ablation is long enough, it causes the delay of the array implosion versus the predictions by a 0D model that does not account for ablation. Another factor that affects the result of the trade between the ablation and implosion time scales is the form of the current pulse, which can be very different from the classical sin2 shape. This factor was self-consistently taken into account in the WADM simulations. The prediction of the array implosion times by the WADM are in a very good agreement with the recent experiments on the COBRA generator.
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1毫安眼镜蛇发电机上短(100毫安)和长(220毫安)电流上升时间的线阵负载设计和优化
只提供摘要形式。在美国康奈尔大学的1ma COBRA装置上研究了不同脉冲上升时间的线阵内爆。COBRA发生器的灵活性允许在短(100纳秒)和长(220纳秒)电流脉冲上升时间之间切换,以研究这两种状态下嵌套线阵列负载的内爆。利用新型导线烧蚀动力学模型(WADM)代码进行了负载设计和优化,该代码扩展了原有的导线动力学模型,包括导线烧蚀动力学和阵列轴上前体等离子体形成的动力学。与短电流脉冲相比,较长的电流上升时间允许增加阵列质量。通过在不同脉冲形状之间切换,比较了由相同导线但导线数不同的嵌套阵列的内爆动力学。线芯烧蚀时间与阵列质量成正比,而内爆时间与阵列质量的平方根成正比。WADM模拟结果表明,高质量阵列的内爆动力学更受烧蚀控制。如果核心烧蚀过程足够长,它会导致阵列内爆的延迟,而不是不考虑烧蚀的0D模型的预测。影响烧蚀和内爆时间尺度转换结果的另一个因素是电流脉冲的形式,它可能与经典的sin2形状大不相同。这一因素在WADM模拟中得到了自我一致的考虑。WADM对阵列内爆时间的预测与最近在COBRA发生器上的实验结果吻合得很好。
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