Farm Dinner Theater: Improving Health and Safety for Farm Families

D. Reed, D. McCallum, Eileen Legault
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Abstract

This article provides a brief overview of Farm Dinner Theater (FDT), a novel intervention that positively influences the health and safety behaviors of senior family farmers and their family. The FDT uses principles of adult learning and engages the audience in conversations about their health and safety experiences. The FDT was developed through interdisciplinary community-engaged research and tested using a repeated measures design with 553 intervention and 317 comparison participants. Significant changes were reported and the FDT is now being used by Extension through the use of a toolkit developed by the project. INTRODUCTION Farm culture is difficult to change, especially when it comes to health and work behaviors (Neufeld, 2005); however, novel learning formats have proven acceptable and effective in addressing community issues (Ingram, 2013; McDonald, Williams, Carter, 2001). The Farm Dinner Theater (FDT) is an interactive intervention intended to change health and safety behaviors of senior farmers, a group that has long suffered the highest farming fatality rates (Myers, 2009). FDT incorporates two aspects of the readers’ theater form of community theater: (1) a readers’ script and (2) a didactic portion following the script. The scripts for FDT, which are based on the experiences of local farmers and literature on health and safety of senior farmers, and the interchange during the didactic portion reflect the social norms of the community regarding health and safety. The FDT provides a “safe place” to begin conversations about sensitive topics, such as farmer stress or changing the way work is performed. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS The FDT incorporates aspects of readers’ theater, which became popular during World War II when resources to produce plays were scarce (Coger & White, 1973). The focus of readers’ theater lies in the words of the script rather than on elaborate sets, costumes, or actions. One important use of the FDT is to help audiences recognize the importance of certain behaviors and beliefs. This form of theater includes discussion of the theater’s themes among the audience following the presentation. Open discussion allows the audience to reflect on the content, incorporate the information within their own lived experiences and within the social norms of the group (Ajzen, 1991). Through these discussions, new information becomes available, and the participant is empowered to make change. The theater becomes the medium for information sharing and processing. The FDT incorporates all these aspects to move individual and community health behaviors. OVERVIEW OF FDT Working with collaborators, we developed FDT programming and offered it in eight geographically diverse sites across three states between 2015–2018. The FDT was based on research that collected information about how senior farmers and their families view health and safety (Reed & Claunch, 2015; Reed & Claunch, 2017), a larger study of Kentucky and South Carolina farm couples ages 50 and over (Reed, Rayens, Conley, Westneat & Adkins, 2012), and the experiences of Extension staff who have “boots on the ground” experience with farmers and their
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农场晚餐剧场:改善农场家庭的健康和安全
本文简要介绍了农场晚餐剧场(Farm Dinner Theater, FDT),这是一种积极影响老年家庭农民及其家庭健康和安全行为的新型干预措施。FDT使用成人学习的原则,并让观众参与有关他们的健康和安全经验的对话。FDT是通过跨学科的社区参与研究开发的,并使用重复测量设计对553名干预和317名比较参与者进行了测试。报告了重大的变化,并且通过使用项目开发的工具包,Extension现在正在使用FDT。农场文化很难改变,尤其是在健康和工作行为方面(Neufeld, 2005);然而,新的学习模式已被证明在解决社区问题方面是可以接受和有效的(英格拉姆,2013;麦克唐纳,威廉姆斯,卡特,2001)。农场晚餐剧场(FDT)是一种互动干预,旨在改变老年农民的健康和安全行为,这一群体长期以来一直遭受最高的农业死亡率(Myers, 2009)。FDT结合了社区戏剧的读者戏剧形式的两个方面:(1)读者剧本和(2)剧本之后的教学部分。FDT的脚本基于当地农民的经验和关于老年农民健康和安全的文献,教学部分的交流反映了社区在健康和安全方面的社会规范。FDT提供了一个“安全的地方”,可以开始谈论敏感话题,比如农民的压力或改变工作方式。FDT结合了读者戏剧的各个方面,在第二次世界大战期间,当制作戏剧的资源稀缺时,它变得流行起来(Coger & White, 1973)。读者戏剧的焦点在于剧本的文字,而不是精致的布景、服装或动作。FDT的一个重要用途是帮助受众认识到某些行为和信念的重要性。这种形式的戏剧包括观众在表演结束后对戏剧主题的讨论。公开讨论允许观众反思内容,将信息纳入他们自己的生活经历和群体的社会规范(Ajzen, 1991)。通过这些讨论,可以获得新的信息,并且参与者被授权进行更改。剧场成为信息共享和处理的媒介。FDT结合了所有这些方面来推动个人和社区的健康行为。2015-2018年,我们与合作者合作开发了FDT编程,并在三个州的八个地理位置不同的站点提供了FDT编程。FDT是基于收集了关于老年农民及其家庭如何看待健康和安全的信息的研究(Reed & Claunch, 2015;Reed & Claunch, 2017年),对肯塔基州和南卡罗来纳州50岁及以上的农场夫妇进行了更大规模的研究(Reed, Rayens, Conley, Westneat & Adkins, 2012年),以及对农民及其家庭有“实地”经验的推广人员的经验
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