Mucocutaneous Manifestations in HIV/AIDS Patients

A. Hidayati, Citra Dwi Harningtyas, D. Damayanti, Maylita Sari, L. Astari, D. Indramaya, M. Listiawan, B. Utomo, Budiono Budiono, Dwi Murtiastutik, Septiana Widyantari, A. Astindari
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Abstract

Background: The main target of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T lymphocytes and several other immune cells that have CD4 receptors. They are also present in skin and mucosa, such as Langerhans cells (LC). Mucocutaneous lesions are one of the first clinical presentations of immunosuppression in HIV seropositive patients that manifest at different stages of the infection and require early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Purpose: To determine the clinical characteristics and the pattern of various mucocutaneous manifestations in Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients at Intermediate Care and Infectious Diseases Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study with a cross-sectional design. The study subject was classified as all HIV-AIDS patients with mucocutaneous manifestations treated in Intermediate Care and Infectious Diseases Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya in 2019. Result: Out of the 614 patients who participated in the study, 72.1% were males. The majority of patients were in the age group 25–49 years (75.4%). The most common risk factor was heterosexuality (41.7%). Based on the distribution of mucocutaneous manifestations, the most common mucocutaneous manifestation was candidiasis mucocutan 387 patients (49.4%) followed by the pruritic papular eruption (PPE) 118 patients (15.1%) and human papillomavirus infection 57 patients (7.3%). Conclusion: Mucocutaneous manifestations occur throughout the course of HIV infection, and they can be considered as good clinical indicators for the progression of the disease and underlying immune status in resource-poor settings.
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HIV/AIDS患者的粘膜皮肤表现
背景:人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的主要靶点是分化4 (CD4) T淋巴细胞簇和其他几种具有CD4受体的免疫细胞。它们也存在于皮肤和粘膜中,如朗格汉斯细胞(LC)。皮肤粘膜病变是HIV血清阳性患者免疫抑制的首要临床表现之一,表现在感染的不同阶段,需要早期诊断和及时治疗。目的:了解泗水Soetomo博士综合学术医院中级护理和传染病科人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)患者的临床特点和各种粘膜皮肤表现。方法:采用横断面设计的描述性回顾性研究。研究对象被归类为2019年在泗水Soetomo综合学术医院的中级护理和传染病治疗的所有有粘膜皮肤表现的HIV-AIDS患者。结果:参与研究的614例患者中,男性占72.1%。大多数患者年龄在25-49岁(75.4%)。最常见的危险因素是异性恋(41.7%)。从黏液皮肤表现的分布来看,最常见的黏液皮肤表现为念珠菌病387例(49.4%),其次是瘙痒性丘疹(PPE) 118例(15.1%)和人乳头瘤病毒感染57例(7.3%)。结论:粘膜皮肤表现贯穿于HIV感染的整个过程,在资源贫乏的环境下,它们可以作为疾病进展和潜在免疫状况的良好临床指标。
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