Politicisation of Islam and a Culture of Atrocities against Religious Minorities in Modern-Day Pakistan

IF 0.8 Q3 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Global Responsibility to Protect Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI:10.1163/1875984x-20230006
Khadija Rashid
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Abstract

Since independence, the politicisation of Islam in Pakistan has fostered a culture of atrocities against religious minorities. This explains why Pakistan tops the list of countries at the risk of mass killings. The Islamic revivalist movement that emerged under the military dictatorship of General Zia-ul-Haq during the 1970s-80s is often equated with Pakistan’s descent into religious intolerance. The controversial blasphemy laws modified under his regime continue to abet atrocity crimes across Pakistan. This article reflects on the constitutional and legal frameworks to understand the prevalence of hate speech and incitement in the country. Through case studies of recent episodes of violence, it sheds light on the state’s complex governance structures, its struggle to counter episodes that incite violence, and the barriers to implementing rule of law. Furthermore, the article highlights the need for key reforms on both national and international level to push for the implementation of atrocity prevention frameworks.
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现代巴基斯坦的伊斯兰政治化和针对宗教少数群体的暴行文化
自巴基斯坦独立以来,伊斯兰教的政治化助长了一种针对宗教少数群体的暴行文化。这就解释了为什么巴基斯坦在面临大规模杀戮风险的国家中名列前茅。20世纪70年代至80年代,在齐亚哈克将军的军事独裁统治下兴起的伊斯兰复兴运动,往往被等同于巴基斯坦陷入宗教不宽容的状态。在他的统治下修改的有争议的亵渎法继续助长巴基斯坦各地的暴行。这篇文章反映了宪法和法律框架,以了解仇恨言论和煽动在该国的流行。通过对近期暴力事件的个案研究,本书揭示了该国复杂的治理结构、其应对煽动暴力事件的努力,以及实施法治的障碍。此外,文章强调需要在国家和国际层面进行关键改革,以推动实施预防暴行框架。
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来源期刊
Global Responsibility to Protect
Global Responsibility to Protect Social Sciences-Political Science and International Relations
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
44.40%
发文量
42
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