Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230012
Adrian Gallagher, Blake Lawrinson, Gillian McKay, Richard Illingworth
This open-access bibliography provides an extensive compilation of research conducted on the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and relevant themes.
本开放获取书目广泛汇编了有关保护责任 (R2P) 和相关主题的研究。
{"title":"The Responsibility to Protect: a Bibliography","authors":"Adrian Gallagher, Blake Lawrinson, Gillian McKay, Richard Illingworth","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This open-access bibliography provides an extensive compilation of research conducted on the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and relevant themes.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"6 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230011
Rahel Kessete Afewerky
Abstract Decades after the African Union adopted the Constitutive Act and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), mass atrocities continue to go unchecked in Africa. The continent hosts a rising number of unresolved conflicts and humanitarian crises, rendering the promise of ‘African solutions to African problems’ mere rhetoric. This article analyses both the complementary features of the Constitutive Act and R2P, which provide the AU with the power to prevent and stop mass atrocity crimes, and the challenges which continue to impede it from successfully upholding its responsibilities.
{"title":"Residual Responsibility to Implement: the AU, the Constitutive Act, and the Responsibility to Protect","authors":"Rahel Kessete Afewerky","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Decades after the African Union adopted the Constitutive Act and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), mass atrocities continue to go unchecked in Africa. The continent hosts a rising number of unresolved conflicts and humanitarian crises, rendering the promise of ‘African solutions to African problems’ mere rhetoric. This article analyses both the complementary features of the Constitutive Act and R2P, which provide the AU with the power to prevent and stop mass atrocity crimes, and the challenges which continue to impede it from successfully upholding its responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230009
Andrew Garwood-Gowers
{"title":"China and Intervention at the UN Security Council: Reconciling Status, written by Courtney J. Fung","authors":"Andrew Garwood-Gowers","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230014
{"title":"Notes on Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230010
Sassan Gholiagha
{"title":"Beyond the Responsibility to Protect in International Law: An Ethics of Irresponsibility, written by Angeliki Samara","authors":"Sassan Gholiagha","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135295792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230013
Mark J. Wood
Abstract With a prolonged war being played out in Sudan at the expense of civilian lives it is time to revisit the framework of the Responsibility to Protect and assess its merits in the new Sudan context. This article argues that through the structures of the United Nations, the Responsibility to Protect framework, the African Union and the African Union Constitutive Act, legal instruments can and should be implemented to stop the atrocities occurring. It provides examples from recent history that serve as a reference for deploying a peacekeeping stabilisation force in Sudan.
{"title":"Applying Pillar Three of the Responsibility to Protect in Sudan","authors":"Mark J. Wood","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With a prolonged war being played out in Sudan at the expense of civilian lives it is time to revisit the framework of the Responsibility to Protect and assess its merits in the new Sudan context. This article argues that through the structures of the United Nations, the Responsibility to Protect framework, the African Union and the African Union Constitutive Act, legal instruments can and should be implemented to stop the atrocities occurring. It provides examples from recent history that serve as a reference for deploying a peacekeeping stabilisation force in Sudan.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230008
{"title":"Notes on Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135603084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230007
R. Barber
This article takes as its starting point the support for the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) expressed during the General Assembly’s 2022 debate on the R2P, and the express interest of states in shifting discussions about the R2P away from debate about the principle’s normative content and status, towards implementation. It asserts that efforts to advance the implementation of R2P face three key obstacles. First, the R2P is insufficiently defined, leaving room for damaging misperceptions about the R2P to be sustained. Second, states have not been supported to translate their in-principal commitment to the R2P into national strategies or plans. Third, the R2P is not sufficiently institutionalised either within the United Nations (UN) or regional organisations. Drawing on the atrocity prevent literature as well as the policy and practice of states, this article proposes a three-part strategy for advancing implementation of the R2P, responding to these three identified challenges.
{"title":"A Proposal for Advancing Implementation of the Responsibility to Protect","authors":"R. Barber","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article takes as its starting point the support for the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) expressed during the General Assembly’s 2022 debate on the R2P, and the express interest of states in shifting discussions about the R2P away from debate about the principle’s normative content and status, towards implementation. It asserts that efforts to advance the implementation of R2P face three key obstacles. First, the R2P is insufficiently defined, leaving room for damaging misperceptions about the R2P to be sustained. Second, states have not been supported to translate their in-principal commitment to the R2P into national strategies or plans. Third, the R2P is not sufficiently institutionalised either within the United Nations (UN) or regional organisations. Drawing on the atrocity prevent literature as well as the policy and practice of states, this article proposes a three-part strategy for advancing implementation of the R2P, responding to these three identified challenges.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82903642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230005
Lina A. Alexandra, Alif Satria
This article provides an analysis on Indonesia’s hate speech phenomenon within the past two decades. It identifies shared characteristics across hate speech campaigns and how state and non-state actors have addressed them. In doing so, the article compares three campaigns targeting: the Ahmadiyya (2005–2011), Shi’a (2006–2012) and Jakarta’s Chinese Christian Governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (2016–2017). It finds that despite their unique dynamics, each campaign shared several commonalities. They were enabled by rising religious conservatism, sustained support from politicians, and competition for socio-economic capital; their framing strategy similarly used a threat-to-survival narrative, leveraged state regulations, and involved amplifying their voices through online spaces; and they had similar long-term impact which, despite an absence of mass violence, normalised the deprivation of vulnerable minorities’ fundamental rights.
{"title":"Identifying Hate Speech Trends and Prevention in Indonesia: a Cross-Case Comparison","authors":"Lina A. Alexandra, Alif Satria","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article provides an analysis on Indonesia’s hate speech phenomenon within the past two decades. It identifies shared characteristics across hate speech campaigns and how state and non-state actors have addressed them. In doing so, the article compares three campaigns targeting: the Ahmadiyya (2005–2011), Shi’a (2006–2012) and Jakarta’s Chinese Christian Governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (2016–2017). It finds that despite their unique dynamics, each campaign shared several commonalities. They were enabled by rising religious conservatism, sustained support from politicians, and competition for socio-economic capital; their framing strategy similarly used a threat-to-survival narrative, leveraged state regulations, and involved amplifying their voices through online spaces; and they had similar long-term impact which, despite an absence of mass violence, normalised the deprivation of vulnerable minorities’ fundamental rights.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72937437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1163/1875984x-20230006
Khadija Rashid
Since independence, the politicisation of Islam in Pakistan has fostered a culture of atrocities against religious minorities. This explains why Pakistan tops the list of countries at the risk of mass killings. The Islamic revivalist movement that emerged under the military dictatorship of General Zia-ul-Haq during the 1970s-80s is often equated with Pakistan’s descent into religious intolerance. The controversial blasphemy laws modified under his regime continue to abet atrocity crimes across Pakistan. This article reflects on the constitutional and legal frameworks to understand the prevalence of hate speech and incitement in the country. Through case studies of recent episodes of violence, it sheds light on the state’s complex governance structures, its struggle to counter episodes that incite violence, and the barriers to implementing rule of law. Furthermore, the article highlights the need for key reforms on both national and international level to push for the implementation of atrocity prevention frameworks.
{"title":"Politicisation of Islam and a Culture of Atrocities against Religious Minorities in Modern-Day Pakistan","authors":"Khadija Rashid","doi":"10.1163/1875984x-20230006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-20230006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Since independence, the politicisation of Islam in Pakistan has fostered a culture of atrocities against religious minorities. This explains why Pakistan tops the list of countries at the risk of mass killings. The Islamic revivalist movement that emerged under the military dictatorship of General Zia-ul-Haq during the 1970s-80s is often equated with Pakistan’s descent into religious intolerance. The controversial blasphemy laws modified under his regime continue to abet atrocity crimes across Pakistan. This article reflects on the constitutional and legal frameworks to understand the prevalence of hate speech and incitement in the country. Through case studies of recent episodes of violence, it sheds light on the state’s complex governance structures, its struggle to counter episodes that incite violence, and the barriers to implementing rule of law. Furthermore, the article highlights the need for key reforms on both national and international level to push for the implementation of atrocity prevention frameworks.","PeriodicalId":38207,"journal":{"name":"Global Responsibility to Protect","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88811677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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