List of Keynote Speakers.

Abstract

The eager towards maintaining all initiatives linked to globalization and international power has permitted nations to interrupt the use of religion in framing its foreign policy agenda. Such use, though some countries consider as a part of nation’s defense strategy, has characterized the new millennium by a massive disorder threatening the international political stability. This geopolitical PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2454-5899 International Conference on Social Science & Humanities (ICSSH), 2020 16 situation forces researchers to go further in questioning the intercourse between the faith-based foreign policy constructing process and the soft, hard, and smart powers used by nations. The present paper highlights the presence of religion in skeletoning the US foreign policy under George W. Bush and Barack Obama presidencies and its effect on the USMiddle Eastern political relationships. Based on different foreign policies the two presidents has adopted, the paper deepens the analysis to compare between the faith-based foreign policies of Bush from those of Obama clarifying how the latter identifies the United States’ manipulation of soft, hard, and smart powers in managing crucial international affairs with the Middle Eastern countries.