Continuity of different levels of medical education in the training of doctors for primary health care (preventive aspect)

Abstract

Currently, the training of doctors to provide primary health care is one of the priority areas of medical education. In the paper, from the standpoint of the requirements of the continuity principle, the results of the analysis of the academic courses programs content are presented. They ensure the development of students skills to perform labor functions in the preventive activities of a doctor. They are implemented at the faculties where the major is 31.05.01 General Medicine and 31.08.49 Therapy in medical universities subordinate to the Ministry of Health of Russia, included in the top 20 best medical universities, according to the RAEX ranking (March 2022). A comparative analysis was carried out between the content of academic courses and the content of the labor functions of doctors: Conducting medical, preventive medical examinations, medical examinations, dispensary observation of patients with diseases and (or) conditions in the "therapy" and monitoring the effectiveness of dispensary observation measures and Carrying out measures for the prevention and formation of a healthy lifestyle and sanitary and hygienic education of the population. The criteria for assessing the compliance of the content of the programs with the requirements of the above-mentioned labor functions of the professional standard Therapist were: 1) the presence in the curriculum of the courses that provide training of students to perform the specified labor functions; 2) the presence in the content of academic courses of knowledge that ensures the development of the necessary skills of a doctor in the performance of these labor functions; 3) the structure and content of the programs for preparing students for preventive activities are developed in accordance with the requirements of the principle of continuity. According to the results of the study, it has been revealed that general theoretical knowledge of prevention, as a set of measures aimed at maintaining and strengthening the health of the population, promoting a healthy lifestyle and preventing the occurrence and (or) spread of diseases, are included in the training programs for doctors majoring in 31.05.01 General Medicine. However, the development of students skills in performing the above labor functions is unsystematic, which leads to a violation of the continuity of different levels of medical education in preparing doctors for primary health care.