Agung Sih Kurnianto, Santi Prastiwi, N. Dewi, Ahmad Ilham Tanzil, Wildan Muhlison, Wagiyana Wagiyana
{"title":"Compatibility of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Beauveria bassiana for control of Spodoptera exigua and the Theoritical Impact to The Agroecorsystem","authors":"Agung Sih Kurnianto, Santi Prastiwi, N. Dewi, Ahmad Ilham Tanzil, Wildan Muhlison, Wagiyana Wagiyana","doi":"10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.01","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the biggest threat to onion farming, especially in the vegetative phase. In severe attacks, this pest can cause yield losses of up to 100%. Compatibility is one way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of pest control by using plant-based pesticides or biological agents. Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica, acronym=NLE) has an azadirachtin compound that can inhibit insect growth, reduce appetite, reproduction, and hatch eggs. The fungus Beauveria bassiana (acronym=Bb) can secrete chitinase, lipase, proteinase enzymes that are able to decompose insect cuticles. NLE was obtained through the extraction method of plant-based pesticides and stored at 4oC until the experiment time. The Bb used was a commercial B. bassiana inoculum in the flour form with a density of 4.5 x 1010 spores/gram (trade name = Natural BVR). To determine the advantages of compatibility, this study is held by a single toxicity test of Bb and NLE, and the combined toxicity test of both. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, each replication used 12 larvae (a total of 48 larvae). Combination toxicity has a higher toxicity than the single use of NLE and Bb. At the LC 95 level, the combination treatment of Bb and NLE was 1.06-1.15 times more toxic than the single treatment of Bb, and 6.87-7.79 times more toxic than the single treatment of NLE. NLE and Bb are considered to have high compatibility (strong synergistic with GI value <0.5). Theoretically, the compatibility of NLE plant-based pesticides and Bb is very promising to replace chemical pesticides that have long-term adverse effects on agroecosystems","PeriodicalId":9004,"journal":{"name":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.01","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the biggest threat to onion farming, especially in the vegetative phase. In severe attacks, this pest can cause yield losses of up to 100%. Compatibility is one way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of pest control by using plant-based pesticides or biological agents. Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica, acronym=NLE) has an azadirachtin compound that can inhibit insect growth, reduce appetite, reproduction, and hatch eggs. The fungus Beauveria bassiana (acronym=Bb) can secrete chitinase, lipase, proteinase enzymes that are able to decompose insect cuticles. NLE was obtained through the extraction method of plant-based pesticides and stored at 4oC until the experiment time. The Bb used was a commercial B. bassiana inoculum in the flour form with a density of 4.5 x 1010 spores/gram (trade name = Natural BVR). To determine the advantages of compatibility, this study is held by a single toxicity test of Bb and NLE, and the combined toxicity test of both. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, each replication used 12 larvae (a total of 48 larvae). Combination toxicity has a higher toxicity than the single use of NLE and Bb. At the LC 95 level, the combination treatment of Bb and NLE was 1.06-1.15 times more toxic than the single treatment of Bb, and 6.87-7.79 times more toxic than the single treatment of NLE. NLE and Bb are considered to have high compatibility (strong synergistic with GI value <0.5). Theoretically, the compatibility of NLE plant-based pesticides and Bb is very promising to replace chemical pesticides that have long-term adverse effects on agroecosystems