Hydraulic management of coastal freshwater marsh to conciliate local water needs and fish passage

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2020-09-08 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2020.1792364
L. Guiot, L. Cassan, D. Dorchies, P. Sagnes, G. Belaud
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

Abstract Water control structures, used to regulate water levels and flow exchange in coastal marshes, act as barriers during fish migration between the ocean and brackish or freshwater ecosystems. Usual fish pass solutions may be unsuitable for obstacles subject to significant water level variations such as tidal range. This study proposes new solutions that were developed, implemented and evaluated on a marsh controlled by a series of hydraulic structures. These solutions were based on soft physical modifications (passive management) of the control gates, and on adaptations of their operation rules (active management). To evaluate the impacts of these adaptations, a hydraulic model of the marsh was built. It solves the one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations and appropriate gate equations. The model was used to identify management rules of control structures in a way to improve fish migration without significantly affecting the initial hydraulic management of the marsh (i.e. targeted seasonal water levels). Fish passability of upstream structures could be improved by managing downstream ones. It was concluded that the combination of active and passive management of water control structures could largely increase the passability of these obstacles during glass eel migration, while limiting seawater intrusion in the marsh and maintaining water levels into a range compatible with marsh management needs.
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沿海淡水沼泽的水力管理,以调和当地的用水需求和鱼类通道
摘要:水控结构用于调节沿海沼泽的水位和流量交换,是鱼类在海洋和咸淡水或淡水生态系统之间洄游的障碍。通常的鱼类通道解决方案可能不适合受重大水位变化的障碍物,如潮差。这项研究提出了新的解决方案,这些解决方案是在一系列水工设施控制的沼泽上开发、实施和评估的。这些解决方案基于控制门的软物理修改(被动管理),以及对其操作规则的适应(主动管理)。为了评估这些适应的影响,建立了一个沼泽的水力模型。求解了一维Saint-Venant方程和相应的门方程。该模型用于确定控制结构的管理规则,从而在不显著影响沼泽初始水力管理(即目标季节水位)的情况下改善鱼类洄游。通过对下游结构的管理,可以提高上游结构的通鱼性。综上所述,主动和被动相结合的控水结构管理可以在很大程度上增加玻璃鳗洄游过程中这些障碍物的通过性,同时限制海水入侵沼泽,使水位保持在与沼泽管理需求相适应的范围内。
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