{"title":"Génesis de la Renta Mínima de Inserción en Catalunya. Actores, trayectorias, posiciones y recursos","authors":"J. Cortiñas","doi":"10.5209/CUTS.53962","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolA partir de los anos 1970 se produce en la mayoria de paises de la Europa occidental un fenomeno que se conocera como «nueva pobreza». Este fenomeno es, segun Robert Castel, un indicador del debilitamiento de la sociedad asalariada y del pacto keynesiano-fordista que la sustentaba. La nueva pobreza es el resultado del debilitamiento del pleno empleo, del debilitamiento de la estabilidad de los puestos de trabajo y de las protecciones vinculadas al empleo asalariado. En respuesta a estas situaciones emergen las llamadas rentas minimas. En el caso catalan, la Renta minima de insercion sera concebida como un dispositivo orientado a la capacitacion social y profesional de los «pobres» en proyectos de insercion definidos localmente. En este articulo se indaga en las razones, en el caso catalan, que llevaron a dar respuestas locales y de capacitacion individual a fenomenos vinculados a mutaciones en las estructuras economicas y sociales de nuestra epoca. Este articulo inspirado por la sociologia de las categorias de la accion publica y de la sociologia de los problemas sociales, defiende que la forma que toma la renta minima en Catalunya debe entenderse como el resultado del tipo de actores y del contexto de produccion de este dispositivo mas que como una respuesta tecnica y racional a un problema social. EnglishBeginning in the 1970s, most countries in Western Europe have experienced the phenomenon of the «new poverty». According to Robert Castel, this phenomenon is an indicator of the decline of salaried society and of the Keynesian-Fordist pact that underpinned it. The new poverty is the result of the decline of full employment and weakened stability in terms of jobs and the protections linked to salaried employment. «Minimum income» projects emerge as a response to these situations. In the Catalan case, guaranteed minimum income is conceived as an instrument aimed at the social and professional training of «the poor» in locally defined integration projects. This article investigates the reasons that led to the Catalan approach consisting of providing local responses, emphasizing individual training, to phenomena associated with mutations in the economic and social structures of our age. Taking its inspiration from sociology of categories of public action and from sociology of social problems, the article argues that the way in which minimum income has been implemented in Cataluna should be understood as the result of the kind of actors and context in which this tool has been produced, rather than as a technical and rational response to a social problem.","PeriodicalId":43591,"journal":{"name":"ARQ","volume":"53 1","pages":"329-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2017-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ARQ","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5209/CUTS.53962","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ARCHITECTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
espanolA partir de los anos 1970 se produce en la mayoria de paises de la Europa occidental un fenomeno que se conocera como «nueva pobreza». Este fenomeno es, segun Robert Castel, un indicador del debilitamiento de la sociedad asalariada y del pacto keynesiano-fordista que la sustentaba. La nueva pobreza es el resultado del debilitamiento del pleno empleo, del debilitamiento de la estabilidad de los puestos de trabajo y de las protecciones vinculadas al empleo asalariado. En respuesta a estas situaciones emergen las llamadas rentas minimas. En el caso catalan, la Renta minima de insercion sera concebida como un dispositivo orientado a la capacitacion social y profesional de los «pobres» en proyectos de insercion definidos localmente. En este articulo se indaga en las razones, en el caso catalan, que llevaron a dar respuestas locales y de capacitacion individual a fenomenos vinculados a mutaciones en las estructuras economicas y sociales de nuestra epoca. Este articulo inspirado por la sociologia de las categorias de la accion publica y de la sociologia de los problemas sociales, defiende que la forma que toma la renta minima en Catalunya debe entenderse como el resultado del tipo de actores y del contexto de produccion de este dispositivo mas que como una respuesta tecnica y racional a un problema social. EnglishBeginning in the 1970s, most countries in Western Europe have experienced the phenomenon of the «new poverty». According to Robert Castel, this phenomenon is an indicator of the decline of salaried society and of the Keynesian-Fordist pact that underpinned it. The new poverty is the result of the decline of full employment and weakened stability in terms of jobs and the protections linked to salaried employment. «Minimum income» projects emerge as a response to these situations. In the Catalan case, guaranteed minimum income is conceived as an instrument aimed at the social and professional training of «the poor» in locally defined integration projects. This article investigates the reasons that led to the Catalan approach consisting of providing local responses, emphasizing individual training, to phenomena associated with mutations in the economic and social structures of our age. Taking its inspiration from sociology of categories of public action and from sociology of social problems, the article argues that the way in which minimum income has been implemented in Cataluna should be understood as the result of the kind of actors and context in which this tool has been produced, rather than as a technical and rational response to a social problem.
自20世纪70年代以来,大多数西欧国家出现了一种被称为“新贫困”的现象。在20世纪80年代和90年代,美国的工资增长速度比其他任何国家都快,而在90年代,美国的工资增长速度比其他任何国家都快。新的贫困是充分就业、工作稳定性和与有薪就业有关的保护受到削弱的结果。为了应对这些情况,出现了所谓的最低收入。在加泰罗尼亚的情况下,最低插入收入将被设想为一种机制,旨在在当地确定的插入项目中对“穷人”进行社会和职业培训。这篇文章探讨了在加泰罗尼亚的案例中,导致对与我们这个时代的经济和社会结构变化有关的现象作出地方反应和个人培训的原因。这个激励的跟进的sociologia categorias sociologia的公共行动和社会问题,主张把租金一个长条的方式在加泰罗尼亚应理解为结果的这个演员的上下文和理性,更多的是由于技术和设备也是一个社会问题。从20世纪70年代开始,西欧大多数国家都经历了“新贫困”的现象。根据罗伯特·卡斯特尔(Robert Castel)的说法,这一现象表明了工资社会的衰落以及支撑它的凯恩斯主义-福特主义协定。新的贫困是充分就业下降和就业稳定性下降以及与有薪就业有关的保护措施的结果。“最低收入”项目是对这些情况的回应。在加泰罗尼亚的案例中,有保障的最低收入被设想为一种工具,目的是在地方界定的融合项目中对“穷人”进行社会和职业培训。本文探讨了加泰罗尼亚方法的原因,该方法包括对与我们这个时代的经济和社会结构变化有关的现象作出地方反应,强调个人培训。采取its inspiration from sociology of action and from sociology of social categories of public problems, the条argues that the way in which一直实行最低收入in Cataluna应当不言而喻,as the由于of the kind of和context tool in which this has been生产的,而不是社会as a technical and rational response to a problem。
期刊介绍:
ARQ is a journal of the School of Architecture of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and is part of the periodical publications of the University. ARQ is a quarterly publication aimed at professionals and academics, and dedicated to the dissemination of a critical selection of the architecture of Chile and South America and its related disciplines of ARQ Each issue addresses a theme that gives way to the editing, prioritizing excellence and variety of items, both papers as works and projects. The relationship with the academic world allows a permanent contact with international journals of architecture, with whom we develop regular exchanges.