An Environmental Assessment of Cattle Manure and Urea Fertilizer Treatments for Corn Production in the Northern Great Plains

IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Transactions of the ASABE Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.13031/TRANS.14275
C. Rotz, S. Asem-Hiablie, E. Cortus, M. Spiehs, S. Rahman, A. Stoner
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Abstract

Highlights The Integrated Farm System Model appropriately represented average emission rates measured in corn production. Compared to the use of feedlot manure, application of bedded pack manure generally increased N and P losses. Compared to inorganic fertilizer use, cattle manure increased soluble P loss while reducing GHG emission. Production and environmental differences among production systems were similar under recent and future climate. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) emissions from livestock systems have become important regional, national, and international concerns. Our objective was to use process-level simulation to explore differences among manure and inorganic fertilizer treatments in a corn production system used to feed finishing cattle in the Northern Plains region of the United States. Our analysis included model assessment, simulation to compare treatments under recent climate and comparisons using projected mid-century climate. The Integrated Farm System Model was evaluated in representing the performance and nutrient losses of corn production using cattle manure without bedding, manure with bedding, urea, and no fertilization treatments. Two-year field experiments conducted near Clay Center, NE; Brookings, SD; and Fargo, ND provided observed emission data following these treatments. Means of simulated emission rates of methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide were generally similar to those observed from field-applied manure or urea fertilizer. Simulation of corn production systems over 25 years of recent climate showed greater soluble P runoff with use of feedlot and bedded manure compared to use of inorganic fertilizers, but life-cycle fossil energy use and greenhouse gas emission were decreased. Compared to feedlot manure, application of bedded pack manure generally increased N and P losses in corn production by retaining more N in manure removed from a bedded housing facility and through increased runoff because a large portion of the stover was removed from the cornfield for use as bedding material. Simulation of these treatments using projected mid-century climate indicated a trend toward a small increase in simulated grain production in the Dakotas with a small decrease for irrigated corn in Nebraska. Climate differences affected the three production systems similarly, so production and environmental impact differences among the fertilization systems under future climate were similar to those obtained under recent climate.
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北方大平原玉米生产中牛粪和尿素处理的环境评价
综合农场系统模型恰当地代表了玉米生产中测量的平均排放率。与使用饲养场粪肥相比,施用层叠粪肥普遍增加了N和P的损失。与无机肥料相比,牛粪增加了可溶性磷的损失,同时减少了温室气体的排放。在近期和未来气候条件下,各生产系统之间的生产和环境差异相似。牲畜系统的氮(N)、磷(P)和碳(C)排放已成为区域、国家和国际关注的重要问题。我们的目标是使用过程级模拟来探索美国北部平原地区用于喂养肥育牛的玉米生产系统中粪肥和无机肥处理的差异。我们的分析包括模式评估、模拟以比较近期气候下的处理方法,以及使用预估的本世纪中叶气候进行比较。利用综合农场系统模型对牛粪无垫层处理、牛粪有垫层处理、尿素处理和不施肥处理的玉米生产性能和养分损失进行了评价。在东北克莱中心附近进行了为期两年的实地试验;布鲁金斯学会、SD;Fargo, ND提供了这些处理后的观测排放数据。模拟的甲烷、氨和一氧化二氮排放率的平均值与田间施用粪肥或尿素肥所观察到的排放率大致相似。对玉米生产系统近25年气候变化的模拟表明,与使用无机肥料相比,使用饲养场和层状肥料增加了可溶性磷径流,但减少了生命周期化石能源的使用和温室气体排放。与饲养场粪肥相比,施用层叠式粪肥通常会增加玉米生产中的氮和磷损失,因为从层叠式房屋设施中取出的粪肥中保留了更多的氮,并且由于大部分秸秆被从玉米地移走用作垫层材料,因此增加了径流。利用预估的本世纪中叶气候对这些处理进行模拟,结果表明达科他州的模拟谷物产量有小幅增加的趋势,内布拉斯加州的灌溉玉米产量则有小幅下降的趋势。气候差异对3种生产系统的影响相似,因此未来气候条件下施肥系统的生产和环境影响差异与近期气候条件下相似。
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来源期刊
Transactions of the ASABE
Transactions of the ASABE AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: This peer-reviewed journal publishes research that advances the engineering of agricultural, food, and biological systems. Submissions must include original data, analysis or design, or synthesis of existing information; research information for the improvement of education, design, construction, or manufacturing practice; or significant and convincing evidence that confirms and strengthens the findings of others or that revises ideas or challenges accepted theory.
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