Colloidal Drug Delivery of Simvastatin for Prolonged Drug Release and Increased Bioavailability

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is the major cause of atherosclerosis in which the lipid level in the blood plasma increases which leads to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in the blood stream. Antihyperlipidemic drugs are used to reduce the high level of lipids and lipoproteins in the blood. HMG CoA reductase (Statin drugs) are the most potent group of antihyperlipidemic drugs and it works by inhibiting the Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis. The most commonly used drug for decreasing low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is simvastatin. I is more efficacious as compared to Atorvastatin in increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level. Simvastatin (SIM) is lipophilic in nature and is a perfect candidate for a novel colloidal drug delivery system (CDDS). CDDS delivers the drug to its target site to enhance the control release and to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect. This concept of targeting includes the nanoparticulate system such as Liposomes, Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), Polymeric nanoparticles, Niosomes, Nanoemulsion and Metallic nanoparticles.