Corrosion of orthodontic brackets: qualitative and quantitative surface analysis.

The Angle orthodontist Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI:10.2319/072321-584.1

Romy A Doomen, Ivana Nedeljkovic, Reinder B Kuitert, Cornelis J Kleverlaan, Burcu Aydin

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Abstract

Objectives: To determine and compare surface characteristics and presence of corrosion in new and used brackets with optical light microscopy (OLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and with elemental chemical analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

Materials and methods: OLM and SEM were used to analyze 24 new and 24 used conventional premolar brackets. EDS analysis was performed in six used brackets and four new brackets with corrosion-suspected spots.

Results: OLM and SEM images showed wear/abfraction signs, striations, pits/crevices, and adherent material. Used brackets showed more deterioration than new brackets. SEM images disclosed more morphological features than OLM images. EDS analysis revealed a significantly higher phosphorus (P = .001) and sodium (P < .005) weight fraction and significantly lower amounts of chromium (P < .001) in used brackets. The iron, chromium, and nickel weight fractions did not differ significantly between the clean and corrosion-suspected spots. Of the corrosion-suspected spots analyzed by combined SEM and EDS, 44.14% and 6.90% remained corrosion-suspected on used and new brackets, respectively.

Conclusions: Used brackets showed more signs of corrosion than new ones. Combined assessment of SEM and EDS indicates that the bracket surface is affected during orthodontic treatment as a result of corrosion.

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正畸托槽的腐蚀：定性和定量表面分析。

目标：利用光学显微镜（OLM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDS）进行元素化学分析，确定并比较新旧托槽的表面特征和是否存在腐蚀：使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析了 24 个新的和 24 个使用过的传统前磨牙托架。对 6 个使用过的托槽和 4 个有腐蚀斑点的新托槽进行了 EDS 分析：结果：OLM 和 SEM 图像显示了磨损/折损迹象、条纹、凹坑/缝隙和附着材料。与新支架相比，旧支架的老化程度更严重。与 OLM 图像相比，SEM 图像显示了更多的形态特征。EDS 分析显示，旧托槽中磷的重量分数（P = .001）和钠的重量分数（P < .005）明显较高，而铬的含量（P < .001）则明显较低。铁、铬和镍的重量分数在清洁点和疑似腐蚀点之间没有明显差异。在 SEM 和 EDS 联合分析的疑似腐蚀点中，旧支架和新支架的疑似腐蚀点分别占 44.14% 和 6.90%：结论：旧托架比新托架显示出更多的腐蚀迹象。SEM 和 EDS 的综合评估表明，托槽表面在正畸治疗过程中会受到腐蚀的影响。

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The Angle orthodontist

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