Potentiometric Taste Sensing Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Screen Printed Electrodes

Abstract

This paper reports the development of simple and economical reduced graphene oxide (rGO) based screen-printed electrodes (SPE) for five basic taste sensing applications. Twenty different test solutions for the five tastes of salty, sour, sweet, umami, and bitter at 1 ppm, 10 ppm, 100 ppm, 1000 ppm concentration levels were tested with the fabricated SPEs. From experimental results, electrical signals generated between the electrode and test solution interface were measured using the potentiometric method. Satisfactory potentiometric responses of SPEs to different ppm concentrations for each sample were used to analyze the sample data. Histogram using the statistical tool was used to analyze the changes in the conductivity response. A multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) statistical tool correlated using loading plots between variables and factors of all the five basic tastes. The plot showed the interrelation between variables and test samples. The obtained experimental results from these rGO based SPEs make them suitable for their use in taste sensing applications such as for any taste disorder disability, food-producing industry, pharmaceutical industries, etc.