Simulated Soil Moisture and Planting Material Health on the Behaviour of Cosmopolites sordidus, Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

H. Sintim
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Abstract

The pest status of Cosmopolites sordidus has been related to farm sanitation, environmental conditions and local weevil biotypes. This study was to confirm the inherent fecundity of endemic weevils, soil moisture effect and planting material health status that may contribute to weevil behaviour. Adult banana weevils were confined to plantain rhizomes, which were then subjected to four soil moisture regimens for 65 days. In another experiment to measure potential fecundity, weevils collected from the farmer’s field were dissected to determine the internal egg follicles. Planting material with different initial weevil egg infestations on the pseudostem were confined below insect screening net in growing pots. Larva damage and stage populations were determined after 22 weeks. The results showed that weevils confined to plants under moisture stress had higher corm damage than irrigated and vigorously growing plants. A lower number of weevils were associated with plants under moisture stress than vigorously growing plants. The maximum number of mature egg follicles present in the ovaries of female weevils was 17. In general, the mean number of mature egg follicles was 4 per female adult weevil. Infested planting material with initial estimated number of 0.3 eggs per sucker resulted in 2.3 adult emergence and ≈ 34% corm cross section damage after 154 days. The potential egg follicles albeit slow weevil population build-up reiterates the k-selected nature of the banana weevil. The egg follicles in adult female ovaries were high and comparable with weevils in other banana growing regions. The default health status of planting material was confirmed to be a contributing factor to weevil build-up in confinement. Soil moisture increased weevil survival but the improved plant vigour compensated for weevil damage.
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模拟土壤水分和种植材料健康对德国瓢虫行为的影响(鞘翅目:瓢虫科)
世界象甲的害虫状况与农场卫生、环境条件和当地象鼻虫生物型有关。本研究旨在证实地方象鼻虫的固有繁殖力、土壤水分效应和种植材料健康状况对象鼻虫行为的影响。香蕉象鼻虫成虫被限制在大蕉根茎中,然后对其进行4种土壤水分处理,为期65天。在另一项测量潜在生殖力的实验中,从农民的田地里收集的象鼻虫被解剖以确定内部卵泡。将假茎上不同初始象鼻虫卵侵染程度的种植材料限定在盆栽筛虫网下。22周后测定幼虫危害和幼虫期种群。结果表明:在水分胁迫下,象鼻虫对球茎的伤害高于灌水和旺盛生长的植株。湿润胁迫下的象鼻虫数量低于生长旺盛的植物。雌象鼻虫卵巢中成熟卵泡最多可达17个。在一般情况下,成熟卵泡的数量平均为每雌象鼻虫4个。初步估计每盘虫卵数为0.3个的侵染种植材料,在154天后,成虫羽化率为2.3个,球茎截面损害率约为34%。潜在的卵泡虽然缓慢的象鼻虫种群积累重申了香蕉象鼻虫的k选择性质。成年雌性卵巢卵泡高,与其他香蕉种植区的象鼻虫相当。种植材料的默认健康状态被证实是象鼻虫在禁闭中积聚的一个促成因素。土壤湿度提高了象鼻虫的存活率,但植物活力的提高弥补了象鼻虫的伤害。
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